Japan Dental Association

Author(s): Katsuaki HIGASHI

Affiliation: Higashi Dental Clinic, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto

Title: Successful and simple periodontal therapy based on infection control

Abstract

The objective of periodontal therapy is to stop the progression of periodontal disease and prevent its recurrence. However, it becomes difficult to achieve this using conventional methods as the periodontal disease severity advanced. Therefore, especially in the case of the Stage III and IV disease, we try to avoid periodontal surgery and oral rehabilitation treatment by thorough initial preparation. Thus, it is essential to make a precise diagnosis and prepare a treatment plan based on the new classification of periodontal disease. Furthermore, there must be ongoing oral self-cleaning by the patient and professional tooth cleaning by the dentist or dental hygienist to remove supra/subgingival oral biofilm.

Keywords: Periodontal therapy, Biofilm, Supportive periodontal therapy

Author(s): Tokuji HASEGAWA

Affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Division of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University

Title: Application of visible light induced fluorescence to dental treatment

Abstract

Blue light with a wavelength of about 405 nm induces bluish-green fluorescence with a peak at a wavelength of about 480 nm from sound dentin, and red fluorescence with two peaks at wavelengths 620 nm and 682 nm from carious dentin. This allows the carious dentin and the sound dentin to be clearly distinguished with the naked eye. In addition, the blue light suggests the presence of any infectious substances by inducing the same red fluorescence from an infectious substance attached to a paper point wiped against the inside of the root canal. In this paper, I will explain the research results of applying blue light with a wavelength of about 405 nm to caries treatment, periodontal treatment, and endodontic treatment.

Keywords: Blue light, Induced fluorescence, Diagnosis

Author(s): Makoto UMEDA

Affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University

Title: The strategy for antimicrobial therapy of severe periodontitis

Abstract

Deep periodontal pockets of severe periodontitis are reservoirs for periodontal pathogens that increase the risk of systemic diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Treatment of severe periodontitis usually includes debridement by periodontal surgery following the initial periodontal therapy. However, periodontal surgery is often avoided for patients with a systemic disease. In such cases, antimicrobial therapy should be considered. This article describes a strategy for antimicrobial therapy for severe periodontitis.

Keywords: Severe periodontitis, Antimicrobial therapy, Strategy

Author(s): Sueo SAITO

Affiliation: Saito Dental Clinic, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo

Title: Clinical use of glass ionomer cement and its dental value

Abstract

Light-cured glass ionomer is useful to restore hypersensitive root surfaces, root caries and cervical erosions. The material is less sensitive to water than the conventional glass ionomer cement but it is still moisture sensitive before light curing. To obtain maximum clinical performance, the material should be over filled and light-cured as quickly as possible after placement. Immediate light curing minimizes moisture contamination from high humidity of a patient’s exhaled breath. After sufficient light curing, the moisture-contaminated surface of the restoration should be removed by finishing and polishing procedures.

Keywords: Ionomer, Light-cured, Water sensitivity

Author(s): Yoshiharu SAKAKIBARA

Affiliation: Toyota nishimachi clinic, Toyota-shi, Aichi

Title: Sudden changes related to dentistry: what should we think and how should we act?

Abstract

In daily clinical practice, dentists need to acquire the knowledge and skills to respond appropriately in the unlikely event of patients’ sudden change. As an emergency physician, I discuss medical emergencies in dentistry often encountered in emergency departments. In particular, anaphylactic shock causes rapid changes in the pathological condition, so initial treatment is very important. Specifically, I discuss how to use adrenaline for rapid diagnosis and treatment. In addition, drug interactions, loss of consciousness, accidental ingestion of foreign substances, and oral damage are addressed. It is possible to control the risks of these through medical and dental cooperation, and it is important to establish a medical and dental information exchange and cooperation system for use on a daily basis.

Keywords: Sudden change management, Anaphylaxis, Medical and dental cooperation

Author(s): Naotaka KISHIMOTO, Kenji SEO

Affiliation: Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University

Title: Dental anesthesiology education for learning how to manage sudden changes in dental clinic patients

Abstract

With the aging of the population, patients with systemic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes have more opportunities to visit dental clinics. It is necessary to take prompt measures when a patient's general condition suddenly changes during dental treatment. However, the spread of simulation education, which is essential for acquiring diagnostic and treatment skills, has been slow. This article introduces the dental anesthesiology education that we are practicing to improve this situation. In addition, we explain online seminars, making YouTube videos, and telesimulation that take into account the effects of COVID-19.

Keywords: Dental anesthesiology education, Medical emergencies, Simulation education

Author(s): Jyoji TANAKA

Affiliation: Tanaka Dental Clinic, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba

Title: The ‌implant‌ overdenture: ‌its ‌usefulness, ‌and‌ how‌ to ‌use‌ it

Abstract

As society ages, dealing with oral frailty and patients with an edentulous jaw or anodontism is becoming increasingly important. The implant overdenture (IOD) offers one way. Involving few implants, it has great treatment effectiveness, and is once again under the spotlight. This paper examines its usefulness and how to use it. An IOD is outstanding not only in terms of denture stability, but in inhibiting ridge resorption, improving occlusal support, and enhancing esthetics. Further, with the use of a magnetic attachment, it is useful for universal support and in nursing care. In addition, this paper touches on the use of intraoral scanners and other digital technology.

Keywords: Implant overdenture, Super-aging society, Magnetic attachment

Author(s): Makio SAEKI 1),
Tomonori MATSUNO 2)

Affiliation: 1) Division of Dental Pharmacology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
2) Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Nippon Dental University Hospital

Title: Polypharmacy and oral therapeutics in older patients

Abstract

The population of Japan aged 75 or over is increasing, and the management of drug therapy in dentistry in old age is a matter of growing importance. The use of multiple medicines, referred to as polypharmacy, is common in older people. One of the most important changes associated with aging is decreased renal elimination of drugs. This review describes these main age-related physiological changes affecting the pharmacokinetics of essential and commonly used drugs in older people. It also focuses on drug interactions used in the field of dentistry, such as NSAIDs, and proposes evidence-based clinical guidelines.

Keywords: Polypharmacy, Pharmacokinetics, Drug interactions

Author(s): Katsuyuki ATSUMI

Affiliation: Dental Clinic K, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama

Title: Key points in adhesive abutment construction

Abstract

The main failures in abutment construction are detachment of the construct, root fracture, and coronal leakage, where infection initiates. There are limitations to the conventional methods for preventing such failures. Therefore, attention has turned to abutment construction using glass fiber and dentin bonding. This paper discusses three key factors of abutment construction using a combination of fiber and resin: the conservation of supragingival tooth structure, fiber arrangement, and adhesion with root canal dentin.

Keywords: Combined Fiber/resin abutment construction, Fiber arrangement, Adhesion with canal dentin

Author(s): Kengo IWASAKI

Affiliation: Institute of Dental Research, Osaka Dental University

Title: Possibilities in regeneration of periodontal tissues using stem cells

Abstract

Recently, increasing attention has been paid to cell-based therapies. Many experimental trials have been conducted to regenerate lost periodontal tissues. We transplanted periodontal ligament stem cells into bony defects and found that periodontal tissues regenerated. However, the engraftment of transplanted cells into periodontal tissues was observed in limited areas of regenerated tissues. Additionally, conditioned medium from periodontal ligament stem cells also induced periodontal regeneration, suggesting the involvement of secreted factors in tissue formation by stem cell transplantation. New findings from tissue regeneration research may provide useful information for the development of novel regenerative therapies for periodontal disease.

Keywords: Periodontal tissue regeneration, stem cells, periodontal ligament

Author(s): Yoshio SAITOH

Affiliation: DENTAL OFFICE SAITO, Nagoya-shi, Aichi

Title: Making best use of natural teeth in treating fractured teeth

Abstract

The chewing functionality of natural teeth that are considered textbook candidates for removal can be restored by applying methods for the bonding, replantation and preservation of fractured roots. Teeth can fracture in different ways, and the range of the knowledge and techniques required to preserve tooth pulp, bond, replant, and stabilize in any of the many possible cases is broad. Of the several bonding, replantation and preservation techniques for fractured roots that make optimal use of natural teeth, this paper describes, in particular, those for in-crown bonding and preservation in root fractures, without tooth extraction, and discusses clinical cases and clinical surgical techniques.Compared with using the traditional bonding, replantation and preservation techniques, using such surgical techniques can avoid damaging the periodontal ligament. Furthermore, major advantages include there being no need for a post-operative immobilization period for dental stabilization. In addition to such cases, the writer also reports on his clinical experience to date with orthodontic root extraction methods that make best use of natural teeth, and clinical application of natural tooth pontic, among others.

Keywords: Tooth fracturing, Orthodontic root extraction methods, Natural tooth pontic

Author(s): Hisako SAITOH1),
Hajime FUJITA2)

Affiliation: 1) Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
2) Department of dentistry and oral surgery, Keinan General Hospital

Title: Responsibilities as a dentist in the event of a disaster: for social contribution utilizing expertise

Abstract

A major disaster can occur at any time, and how dentists should respond to it changes according to changes in society. Dentists at evacuation centers at the time of a disaster can support oral health maintenance by providing evacuees with oral care and information on how to maintain oral hygiene. Also, at morgues, they can make dental findings to identify bodies, having taken measures to protect themselves from infection. Such activities involve collaboration with professionals in other occupations and, in such scenarios, dental practitioners can put their expertise to work and thus fulfil the important role of contributing to society.

Keywords: Disaster-related death, Dental findings, Infectious disease countermeasures

Author(s): Iwai TOHNAI1),
Kenji MITSUDO2)

Affiliation: 1) School of Health Sciences, Meikai University
2) Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine

Title: Curing advanced oral cancer without surgery: organ preservation therapy using superselective intra-arterial
chemoradiotherapy and hyperthermia

Abstract

Dysfunction and cosmetic disturbance after surgery for advanced oral cancer are major problems. In recent years, retrograde superselective intra-arterial chemoradiotherapy and hyperthermia have been looked to for amelioration of these problems. One hundred and twelve patients with stage III and IV oral squamous cell carcinoma underwent intra- arterial chemoradiotherapy using the HFT method. Primary site complete response was achieved in 98 (87.5%) of 112 cases. Five-year survival and local control rates were 71.3% and 79.3%, respectively. Combining superselective intra-arterial chemoradiotherapy and hyperthermia was effective for advanced oral cancer with cervical lymph node metastasis (N3). This combination therapy is promising as a new organ preservation strategy for treating advanced oral cancer.

Keywords: Advanced oral cancer, Superselective intra-arterial chemoradiotherapy, Hyperthermia

Author(s): Kazuhito SATOMURA1）,
Seiko TATEHARA2）

Affiliation: 1）Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology,
2）Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine

Title: Development of fluorescence diagnostic method for early oral cancers

Abstract

The oral cavity is an extremely important organ for people to live life with dignity, which is difficult if they are unable to eat and talk, for example, without hindrance. Treatment for oral cancer leads to critical deterioration of oral cavity form and function, so early detection of oral cancer is extremely important. We have reported the usefulness of fluorescence diagnosis using 5-ALA for detection of early-stage oral cancer, including carcinoma in situ. We found that this method could detect not only early-stage oral cancer but also high-grade epithelial dysplastic lesions of the oral mucosa, for which resection is considered appropriate. In this article, we review the fluorescence diagnostic method for reliable detection of early oral cancer, which is difficult to recognize macroscopically, and discuss the possibility and significance of applying this promising method to the diagnosis of high-grade epithelial dysplasia.

Keywords: Epithelial dysplasia, Fluorescence diagnostics, 5-aminolevulinic acid(5-ALA)

Author(s): Toshihiro FUKAZAWA

Affiliation: Fukazawa Dental Clinic, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka

Title: Best use of clinical practice guidelines, and the latest formulation methods

Abstract

Clinical practice guidelines are created that require strict adherence to rules, but there may be subsequent changes in their effectiveness, requiring that they be revised. At such times, the procedure known as a scoping review (ScR) becomes important for the purpose of effectively creating a systematic review. In this paper, we take the example of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Initial-Stage Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Patients, which is currently publicly accessible, and examine the matter of how clinical physicians should employ clinical practice guidelines. At the same time, we look at one part of the latest method of formulating guidelines, including ScRs.

Keywords: Clinical practice guidelines, GRADE, Scoping review (ScR)

Author(s): Atsushi SHIMADA

Affiliation: Medical Corporation Green Dental Clinic, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo

Title: Diagnosing temporomandibular disorders and the use of exercise therapy

Abstract

Temporomandibular disorders are, at base, motor organ functional disorders caused by overloading of the temporomandibular joint and the muscles used for mastication. As with any other motor organ, the basis for treatment is exercise therapy. In carrying out such treatment, self-care by the patient is important. Guidance in regard to self-care begins with understanding the pathology of the temporomandibular disorder and educating the patient about it appropriately. As well as having the patient understand the pathology, poor eating habits must be addressed in order to reduce the load on the temporomandibular joint and the muscles used for mastication, and exercise therapy appropriate to the patient's condition carried out to recover functionality.

Keywords: Temporomandibular disorders, Exercise therapy, Selfcare

Author(s): Kazuhiro UMEHARA

Affiliation: Umehara Dental Office, Hirosaki-shi, Aomori

Title: Jaw motion measurement devices—current state and future prospects

Abstract

Dental prostheses used in regular clinical practice must exhibit long-term stability in the oral cavity and be accepted by the body. Digitization by way of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has drawn much attention in recent years. Furthermore, the clinical methods used with dental prosthetics have changed, as have the materials, with a transition from metal to porcelain and now zirconia for color that matches that of the crown, and hardness that prevents fracturing and wear. For these reasons, we believe that jaw motion needs to be more fully understood and better applied in clinical practice to produce low-interference prostheses using CAD/CAM.

Keywords: Jaw motion, Occlusal interference, Digitization

Author(s): Kohei TAMURA1), Hiroshi OGAWA2)

Affiliation: Division of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University

Title: Japanese version of the Oral Health Observatory Project using a mobile application

Abstract

We used the Oral Health Observatory mobile application, developed by the FDI (Fédération Dentaire Internationale) for patients who visit dental clinics and for their home dentists, to conduct a questionnaire survey on patients’ understanding of oral hygiene and what bearing that understanding has on quality of life, their habits regarding dental clinic visits, what they do for oral hygiene, and other matters related to their oral condition. The results shed light on the relationship between lifestyle and oral hygiene habits on the one hand and oral condition on the other and showed how a mobile application can be effective as an information sharing tool between patients and dentists.

Keywords: Oral health, Questionnaire, Tablet

Author(s): Yasushi SAKUMA

Affiliation: Medical Safety Management, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University

Title: July 2021 revision of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines

Abstract

The guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in Japan were revised by the Japan Resuscitation Council on July 12, 2021. The following instructions were added: perform a safety check rst; if there is no response, always check the pulse in addition to checking the breathing; and, if in doubt, assume that the patient's condition is worsening. In emergency resuscitation situations during the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, all patients who exhibit sudden changes should be assumed to be infected with COVID-19, and infection protection measures are required.

Keywords: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Basic life support, COVID-19

Author(s): Yo ICHIMURA

Affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Meikai University School of Dentistry

Title: Composite resin inlays: the basics and their use

Abstract

Steep price rises in recent years in the metals used in metal inlays have caused a shift in attention to aesthetically pleasing composite resin inlays. This paper compares metal and composite resin inlays and looks at their different features. It enumerates the actual dental clinical diseases for which composite resin inlays are indicated, matters to pay heed to when preparing cavities for the brittle composite resin, and the various steps involved in achieving adhesion using a resin cement. Successfully adhering a composite resin inlay to a prepared cavity greatly depends on the accuracy with which each clinical step was completed, so this paper also looks at points that are decisive in determining the prognosis. It is hoped that this paper will contribute to dentists' decision making when they next encounter a possible candidate case for the use of composite resin inlay.

Keywords: Composite resin inlay, Resin cement, Composite resin inlay prognosis

Author(s): Haruka TOHARA

Affiliation: Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Department of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University

Title: Basic and practical knowledge about dysphagia

Abstract

We have to pay attention to things other than the oral cavity when we face patients with dysphagia. Stroke is the main cause, but it should be noted that paralysis of the unilaterally controlled and of the bilaterally controlled area is different. And we should also take note of the level of how conscious a patient is of the problem and their physique, especially in regard to the trunk muscles. In addition, dysphagia rehabilitation has significant implications for gut flora and quality of life, even in the case of extremely severe patients.

Keywords: Dysphagia, Stroke, Trunk muscles

Author(s): Jun J MIYAMOTO, Hideyuki YOSHIZAWA, Keiji MORIYAMA

Affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)

Title: Mastication from the viewpoint of brain function: functional magnetic resonance imaging（fMRI）and eye-tracking studies

Abstract

Mastication is a complex coordinated movement that involves multiple dentomaxillofacial organs. Mastication is controlled mainly by the brain using the massive input ascending from sensory receptors distributed across all dentomaxillofacial structures, including periodontal ligaments. Among various researches being carried out on human cerebral sensorimotor control, however, research on teeth and masticatory movements has been underemphasized as compared with research on other body parts.Dentomaxillofacial sensory information contributes not only to masticatory sensorimotor control but also to a broad range of other systemic functions, providing numerous areas for future research. This paper introduces recent studies on mastication from the viewpoint of brain function. These studies used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure brain function non-invasively, as well as eye-tracking to visualize attention and interest, which arise from brain functions. Based on these studies, we also discuss potential applications of these research findings for understanding mastication-related brain functions in the fields of clinical dentistry and medicine.

Keywords: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), Eye-tracking, Mastication

Author(s): Takashi KAMEDA1), Yusuke TABEI2), Jun-ichi IGAWA3)

Affiliation: 1) Department of Orthodontics, the Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
2) Hypochlorous acid Chemical Industrial Association
3) Igawa Dental Office, Nerima-ku, Tokyo

Title: Instruction manual for hypochlorous acid: a review for appropriate selection and usage for extremely effective infection prevention in a clinical environment

Abstract

Due to the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, there has been a shortage of disinfectant alcohol for some time in Japan. The National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NITE) reported on the effectiveness of hypochlorous acid as an alternative. Hypochlorous acid has a broad antibacterial spectrum, is a safe and economical sanitizer, and is widely used and approved for medical use throughout the world. Misleading news reports from certain sources on overseas measures have led to Japan taking a narrow approach of its own; but, with several new variants having appeared, the COVID-19 crisis is likely to last longer. With the correct selection and handling, hypochlorous acid is a powerful tool against infection and therefore needs to be used.

Keywords: Hypochlorous acid, Infection prevention, Hygiene management

Author(s): Yoshimi TSUKAMOTO

Affiliation: Division Of Speech-language-Hearing Therapy, Department Of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Yamato University

Title: Higher brain dysfunction and dysphagia: a case of a patient with utilization behavior useful for oral nutrition

Abstract

This paper reports a case of utilization behavior and dysphagia with damage to the frontal lobes. Utilization behavior is where a patient is driven to grasp and use an implement before their eyes without any self-control, even if expressly forbidden to. The subject had difficulty feeding because of marked aspontaneity, so was provided nutrition via a nasotracheal tube. However, when a cup of water was placed before his eyes, he grasped it, and drank it all. Similarly, he took a spoon and ate all the jelly on a plate—all without any choking. In this way, utilization behavior activated eating behavior, and oral ingestion became possible. This paper discusses the difference between assisted feeding and unassisted feeding, albeit pathological.

Keywords: Dysphagia, Utilization behavior, Aspontaneity

Author(s): Kaoru KUSAMA

Affiliation: Meikai University

Title: Diseases related to periodontal disease: rheumatoid arthritis and EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer

Abstract

In recent years, the possibility has been suggested of a bidirectional association between periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP antibody) is an important marker of rheumatoid arthritis. On the other hand, it has been shown that periodontopathic bacteria are involved in protein citrullination. Patients taking the immunosuppressant methotrexate (MTX), the central drug for RA treatment, may develop Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive mucocutaneous ulcer, a lymphoproliferative disorder, in the oral cavity. The immunosuppression reactivates latent EBV and, in the presence of periodontal disease, butyric acid produced by periodontopathic bacteria promotes this reactivation, causing proliferation of atypical B lymphocytes. The ulcers often disappear when the MTX is withdrawn or the dose is reduced, but it needs to be established that what were considered ulcers were not actually malignant lymphoma. Medical and dental cooperation is indispensable for prognosis and selection of the optimum treatment method.

Keywords: Periodontal disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer

Author(s): Akiyo KAWAMOTO1),
Yoshitomo HONDA2)

Affiliation: 1) Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
2) Department of Oral Anatomy, Osaka Dental University

Title: Developing diagnostic and treatment methods targeting stress-induced senescent cells

Abstract

Senescence (aging) research, with its long history, is entering a new stage with the advent of drugs that eliminate senescent cells. This paper briefly surveys the phenomenon of senescence (such as stress-induced senescence) that is not necessarily dependent on the passing of the years. We then introduce our two projects: (1) exploring biomarkers able to be used for saliva diagnosis to identify senescent cells in vascular aging and arteriosclerosis; (2) development of novel materials for inducing chronic stress to elucidate unexplored bone regeneration inhibitory mechanisms associated with stress-induced senescent cells.

Keywords: Cellular senescence, Saliva diagnosis, Bone regeneration

Author(s): Toshinori IWAI1),
Satomi SUGIYAMA1),
Iwai TOHNAI2),
Kenji MITSUDO3)

Affiliation: 1) Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Orthodontics, Yokohama City University Hospital
2) School of Health Sciences, Meikai University
3) Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine

Title: Sentinel lymph node biopsy for oral cancer

Abstract

As 20–30% of oral cancer patients have occult cervical lymph node metastasis, how best to manage N0 neck in such patients is a matter of debate. Because accurate diagnosis of any metastasis is difficult despite various kinds of diagnostic imaging being available, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) using radioisotope (RI) has been used in recent years for these patients. However, SLNB using RI cannot be always performed at any institution due to limitations. A novel SLNB without the use of RI is therefore needed for N0 oral cancer patients.

Keywords: Oral cancer, Sentinel lymph node, Cervical lymph node metastasis

Author(s): Katsutoshi KUBO1）,
Masashi KITOU2）

Affiliation: 1）Department of Oral Pathology and Forensic Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry
2）Aichi Dental Association

Title: Major disasters and dental jurisprudence: preparatory activities for disaster, and the future outlook

Abstract

In times of major disaster, dentists form part of the medical personnel that administer medical first-aid and dental first-aid, and carry out dental identification of individuals. This paper overviews dental identification of individuals and legislation relating to it from the perspective of dental jurisprudence. Furthermore, it covers the support team assembled on the initiative of Aichi Gakuin University for disaster dentistry and education relating to it. The latter part is an overview of initiatives involving the team in Aichi prefecture in collaboration with the Aichi Prefectural Police headquarters, focusing on the Aichi Prefecture Police Dental Association, as well as the government, Aichi Gakuin University, and other organizations.

Keywords: Disaster dentistry, Disaster victim identification, Police dentistry association

Author(s): Akira MITSUHASHI

Affiliation: Kamakura Dental Clinic, Kamakura-shi, Kanagawa

Title: The microendodontic advantage

Abstract

The microscope is one of the "three sacred treasures" of dentistry, and currently over 12,000 have been sold to clinics in Japan. This makes for an ownership rate of 12% among Japan’s approximately 100,000 dentists. Treatment using a microscope also now enjoys the benefits of health insurance coverage. Microscopic endodontics has the following eight advantages, each of which is discussed.
1. Identifying undetected root canal problems
2. Through elimination of gutta-percha
3. Safely eliminating the fractured files
4. Sealing root canal perforations
5. Dealing with cases of high calcification
6. Dealing with cases of apical rupture
7. Revealing, and getting patients' understanding of, cracks and fractures
8. Carrying out apicoectomy precisely

Keywords: Microendodontics, Microscope, Magnification

Author(s): Kae YANAGISAWA

Affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Nutritional Science, Sagami Women’s University

Title: Water and nutrition replenishment during exercise

Abstract

Nutritional intake for the purpose of enhancing sports competitiveness is more than just about what should be ingested and how much; timing is also important. And timing is not just a matter of pre-, during, and post-exercise, but has to be considered throughout the whole day, such as at breakfast time and before bed. This paper discusses the intake of carbohydrates and water, which plays an important role in nutrient replenishment during exercise. How carbohydrates and water are replenished differs according to the intensity and length of time of the exercise. It also discusses the comparatively new nutritional strategies represented by such products as mouth rinses containing a carbohydrate solution, and ice slurries containing a sports drink.

Keywords: Exercise, Water replenishment, Carbohydrate replenishment

Author(s): Hiroshi KURITA1), Yutaka IMAI2)

Affiliation: 1) Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, School of Medicine, Shinshu University
2) Dokkyo Medical University

Title: Tooth extraction in patients on antithrombotic drugs:
― Clinical Practice Guidelines for Tooth Extraction in Patients Receiving Antithrombotic Therapy, 2020 ―

Abstract

The Clinical Practice Guidelines for Tooth Extraction in Patients Receiving Antithrombotic Therapy, 2020, were presented. The guidelines suggest that tooth extraction should be performed under continuous antithrombotic medication and that local hemostasis should be ensured. Currently, many patients are taking antithrombotic drugs, a matter that requires careful attention.

Keywords: Antithrombic therapy, Tooth extraction, Clinical practice guideline

Author(s): Tetsuo SUGAWARA

Affiliation: West 28 Dental Clinic, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido

Title: Masticatory force as a source of physical trauma in clinical practice

Abstract

Over many years of clinical practice, I have observed that not only bruxism but masticatory force, too, can be a source of physical trauma. I therefore engaged in clinical research and developed a device for measuring masticatory force, consisting of a thermoplastic resin sheet molded on the maxilla. Masticatory force is manifested only once food has been bitten through, and there is little difference in the hardness of food eaten by both people with strong and weak masticatory force. These and other observations led me to propose to patients that they observe and remember the minimum force it takes them to bite food and to then bite it more than 50 times without biting through it: an exercise that achieved good clinical results.

Keywords: Source of physical trauma, Masticatory force, Masticatory force control

Author(s): Hiroshi MATSUI

Affiliation: Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Niigata Rousai Hospital

Title: Special needs dentistry in regional cities in cooperation with special schools and accommodating patients' special needs

Abstract

Community-based medical care is required in regional cities, and this is especially true for people with disabilities, who may have difficulty getting to a hospital in the city. In special needs dentistry, it is important to first familiarize the patient with the kind of treatment they are to receive. It is also necessary to accommodate the characteristics of each patient in any situation. This article draws on my experience of collaboration with special schools, and discusses the process of building community-based medical care based on such accommodation.

Keywords: Special needs dentistry, Accommodating special needs, Special school

Author(s): Oh HOUREI

Affiliation: School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University

Title: Evidence for the effectiveness of hand hygiene sanitizers against the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: ethanol, hypochlorous acid solution, ozone water

Abstract

Since January 2020, when cases of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) were confirmed in Japan, masks and alcohol for disinfection (ethanol) to prevent droplet infection, aerosol infection, and infection through contact have been disappearing from neighborhood drug stores. Our research project took the form of a literature search for the effectiveness of the following candidates for hand hygiene: ethanol, hypochlorous acid solution, and ozone water, in deactivating the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). We studied experiments carried out according to international standards, and opinions from WHO (World Health Organization), CDC (Centers of Disease Control and Prevention), the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, the Consumer Affairs Agency, and the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. The results indicated the possibility that hypochlorous acid and ozone water, in liquid form, are hand hygiene disinfectants effective against SARS-CoV-2.

Keywords: Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection, Hand hygiene, Disinfectant

Author(s): Yuto TANAKA, Yoshiaki ONO

Affiliation: Department of Special Care Dentistry, Osaka Dental University Hospital

Title: Application of digital technology and other new ways of special care in dental treatment

Abstract

Due to innovations in medical care, the rate of survival of formerly usually fatal accidents and illnesses has been rapidly increasing, resulting in the situation where many people suffer physical and intellectual disorders and are subject to a life of special needs. Therefore, the dental care needs of these patients have become increasingly complex. This article introduces research and medical care activities that the authors are currently engaged in.

Keywords: Persons with disabilities, Persons requiring nursing care, Special care dentistry

Author(s): Hiroyuki YAMADA

Affiliation: Yamada Dental Clinic, Nagaoka-shi, Niigata

Title: Orthodontic extrusion of vital teeth:
how to treat severely decayed teeth prosthetically

Abstract

By losing its pulp vitality due to dental caries, trauma, etc., a tooth becomes nonvital and exposed to future problems that can finally lead to tooth loss. Approaches and operative procedures for preserving tooth pulp of teeth with deep carious lesions are well established, and clinical measures are undertaken to preserve tooth pulp. However, even though pulp vitality has been preserved despite deep caries or trauma, when prosthetically restoring a vital tooth whose hard tissue has been severely compromised, it is important to preserve sound supragingival tooth substance as a prerequisite for long-term tooth survival. As a means for that, orthodontic extrusion is a valuable procedure.

Keywords: Severely decayed tooth, Vital tooth, Orthodontic extrusion

Author(s): Joichiro HAYASHI

Affiliation: Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry

Title: Minimally invasive soft tissue management in the esthetic zone

Abstract

Gingival architecture is considered an important component of an esthetic smile. This article describes two minimally invasive soft tissue management techniques to improve smile esthetics. One is direct composite interdental veneer restoration to treat open gingival embrasures (black triangles). The other is a flapless technique for crown lengthening on the labial surface, which may make it possible to achieve the desired free gingival margin position without changing the interdental marginal gingiva, and with a short healing period.

Keywords: Minimally invasive, Soft tissue management, Esthetics

Author(s): Takashi ONO

Affiliation: Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University

Title: Recommendations for adult orthodontic treatment:the alternative of tooth autotransplantation

Abstract

Tooth autotransplantation has become a major treatment modality to compensate for loss of teeth in adults. However, there has been little systematic information on the long-term stability of autotransplanted with complete root formation, teeth once orthodontic force has been applied to them. Therefore, we investigated outcomes after autotransplantation of 100 teeth that had undergone a root canal followed by orthodontic treatment performed in our department. Good results were obtained by applying a protocol to prevent root resorption and ankylosis and based on basic and clinical studies.

Keywords: Tooth autotransplantation, Teeth with complete root formation, Aadult orthodontic treatment

Author(s): Akira TOYOFUKU

Affiliation: Psychosomatic Dentistry Course, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University

Title: Management of patients with phantom bite syndrome complaining of medically unexplained physical symptoms

Abstract

Occlusal discomfort is the main symptom of phantom bite syndrome (PBS). Patients with PBS have a perception of unexplained occlusal proprioceptive abnormalities, which often leads to the mistaken conviction that their bad occlusion is the cause of medically unexplained physical symptoms such as headache, dizziness, shoulder stiffness, lower back pain, and fatigue. In this review, we discuss the clinical characteristics of such cases and management strategies for PBS based on recent research.

Keywords: Occlusion, Phantom bite syndrome (PBS), Medically unexplained physical symptoms

Author(s): Takako INOUE1),
Noriyasu UCHIBORI2)

Affiliation: 1) Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya City University Hospital
2) Aichi Dental Association

Title: Proposal for a new dentist-led strategy against viral hepatitis: the challenge undertaken by the Aichi Dental Association and its results

Abstract

In 2018, the Aichi Dental Association (ADA) initiated a project to increase dentists’ awareness of viral hepatitis. At lectures presented by the ADA, a hepatologist, as well as dentists with specialized knowledge of hepatitis, gave presentations featuring updates on hepatitis and standard precautions. In 2020, a questionnaire (response rate 23.1% [902/3,902]) was conducted among all dentists in the ADA. It showed that dentists who had attended the lectures hoped to attend them repeatedly, referred hepatitis patients to medical doctors (all p <0.001), and practiced standard precautions (p =0.07). A more effective system will therefore be modeled and rolled out nationwide.

Keywords: Dental association, Viral hepatitis, Medical and dental cooperation

Author(s): Hisatomo KONDO

Affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University

Title: Cutting edge, clinical digital dentistry: application of intra oral scanner in current daily practice and future prospects

Abstract

Optical imaging with computer assisted design (CAD)/computer assisted manufacturing (CAM) and intraoral scanner represents a technical revolution in the field of dentistry and promises to change the face of daily clinical practice. With CAD/CAM, processing titanium and zirconia becomes possible, as does the provision of highly accurate dental prostheses with outstanding biological affinity and aesthetics. Furthermore, optical imaging using an intraoral scanner contributes greatly to the establishment of a digital workflow, involving new treatment processes. This system of treatment is expected to bring significant changes to how clinical prosthetics are undertaken. On the other hand, solutions have yet to be found to such problems as subgingival impression taking, and errors arising from long-distance scanning for missing teeth. This paper will mention the current state of digital dentistry, problems requiring solutions, and future directions.

Keywords: CAD/CAM, Intraoral scanner, Digital workflow

Author(s): Midori TSUNEISHI

Affiliation: Japan Dental Association Research Institute

Title: Importance of oral health care as revealed by the use of NDB:association between number of teeth and Alzheimer's disease, aspiration pneumonia, and medical care expenditures

Abstract

Epidemiological evidence on the association between oral health and systemic health has been building. The National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (NDB), a bank of big data on visits to medical institutions, including dental institutions, has been developed. Using NDB’s real world data, this paper explains findings on the association between the number of teeth present and Alzheimer's disease, aspiration pneumonia, and medical care expenditures.

Keywords: The National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan, Alzheimer's disease, Medical care expenditures

Author(s): Masahiko KURODA

Affiliation: Kuroda Dental Clinic, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo

Title: The Konus Krone method: a long-term solution

Abstract

I have used the Konus Krone method for over 40 years. Looking back on more than 30 years of practice, it is surprising how long-term the Konus Krone solution has turned out to be. Our study group studied the longevity of Konus Krone solutions. Out of 454 cases, dentures had a longevity of 29.0 years and abutments 26.7 years. This article looks at the specific skills needed for solutions with longevity, taking into account three particularly challenging example cases of missing teeth, as well as other difficult cases such as where tooth alignment is such that biting is no longer possible and abutments that have persisted for over 30 years. In doing so, I wish to reassess and reaffirm the benefits of the Konus Krone method.

Keywords: Konus Krone, Long-term case history, Clinical statistics

Author(s): Tetsuo OHYAMA, Kenji OHTANI

Affiliation: Department of Partial Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry

Title: The basics and clinical aspects of magnetic attachments newly included in national insurable treatment

Abstract

In September 2021, magnetic attachments were included in the C2 category of insurable treatment. Magnetic attachments are also included in the national examination for dentists and are becoming a common dental technology. Appropriate clinical application of magnetic attachments will be a great help in clinical practice from here on out. However, if applied clinically without a proper understanding of their features, they will not function properly. In this article, we cover the basics of magnetic attachments and explain how to apply them clinically using the newly introduced direct bonding method.

Keywords: Magnetic attachment, Denture prosthesis, Insurable treatment

The Journal of the Japan Dental Association

ENGLISH

2021 VOL.74

NO.1 April

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NO.2 May

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NO.3 June

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NO.5 August

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