Japan Dental Association

Author(s): Hideo KAWAHARA

Affiliation: Kawahara Hideo Dental Clinic, Saiki-shi, Oita

Title: Insurance-covered complete dentures that can be used to bite with the front teeth: mastication rehabilitation

Abstract

The purpose of complete dentures is rehabilitation of oral functions such as mastication. To fulfill this purpose, the patient-centered evaluation of the function should be used following prosthodontics treatment. The food test then, involving biting peanuts and thinly-sliced apples with the front teeth, is not just a simple check, but appears to have rehabilitation effects in terms of restoring the self-confidence and joy of being able to bite. The author has established a dental prosthesis adjustment method that simplifies the Lauritzen’s full-balance adjustment technique to the extreme, merely providing contact on the balancing side. However, its performance was found to be unexpectedly good according to the food test. So, a study group, “the Society for Dentures that Can Bite Even With the Front Teeth”, was created with dental technicians and dentists with limited experience in providing prosthetics. This remount adjustment technique and food test have been used in pursuit of patient-centered mastication rehabilitation. A number of cases have been reported where mastication rehabilitation brings about not just the joy of eating, but restores a range of disabilities in the elderly, helps people walk on their own and improve their cognitive functions. This paper presents an outline of the complete denture remount technique.

Keywords: Complete dentures, Remount, Mastication rehabilitation

Author(s): Nobuhiro HANADA 1),
Hiroaki TAKEUCHI 2)

Affiliation: 1) Tsurumi University
2) Takeuchi Dental Clinic, Ayase-shi, Kanawaga

Title: Oral diseases and NCDs caused by modern diet and the significance of carbohydrate restrictions for dental patients

Abstract

Excessive carbohydrate intake is a common risk factor for NCDs and oral diseases; carbohydrate restriction is necessary to prevent NCDs and oral diseases. Carbohydrate restriction is based on the glycemic index (GI), which indicates the increase in blood glucose levels caused by foods, and people on high GI diets are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death. On the other hand, a high GI diet lowers the pH of dental plaque, which increases the risk of dental caries. In addition, excessive carbohydrate intake will promote the formation of dental calculus and lead to the development of gingivitis. Therefore, guidance on carbohydrate restriction by dentists and/or dental hygienists is essential, and this dental clinic guidance can help prevent NCDs.

Keywords: Carbohydrate restriction, Glycemic index(GI), Umbrella review

Author(s): Kazuhisa YAMAZAKI

Affiliation: Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences

Title: Oral-gut axis as a pathogenic mechanism for perio-systemic link

Abstract

Periodontal disease is known to increase the risk of various diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer's disease, and digestive cancers. The mechanism of association has been considered to be bacteremia due to the disruption of the epithelial barrier of periodontal pocket and the resulting persistence of minor systemic inflammation. Recently, attention has focused on the dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota caused by pathogenic oral bacteria and the accompanying systemic inflammation and effects on the metabolic and immune systems.

Keywords: Periodontal disease, Systemic diseases, Oral-gut connection

Author(s): Hiroyasu TSUKAHARA

Affiliation: Tsukahara Dental Clinic, Koureikai Medical Corporation, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo

Title: What general practitioners can do to treat TMJ disorders

Abstract

When a general practitioner treats a patient with temporomandibular joint disorder, we should classify the disease state recommended by the Japanese Society for the Temporomandibular Joint and select the corresponding basic treatment. If it is an easy–to–treat TMJ disorder, symptoms are relieved within three months. However, in so-called difficult cases that show resistance to this series of treatments, it is beneficial for both the patient and the practitioner to work with a temporomandibular joint specialist at an early stage. It is possible to avoid major problems by observing responses to treatment and re-evaluating at the three-month stage.

Keywords: Temporomandibular disorder, Classification of diagnostic criteria, Reversible treatment

Author(s): Yoshiko ARIJI

Affiliation: Department of Oral Radiology, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University

Title: Application of artificial intelligence（AI）in computer-aided imaging diagnosis

Abstract

Deep learning enables computers to find characteristics in data by training them with large amounts of data using multiple layers of neural networks. This paper discusses applications of deep learning for computer-aided diagnosis, including classification, detection, segmentation, regression, and super-resolution models. Dentists need to be actively involved in research and development to make AI suitable for clinical practice.

Keywords: Deep learning, Computer-aided diagnosis, Dentistry

Author(s): Taisuke KAWAI

Affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo

Title: Considerations for x-ray protection in dental practice inside/
outside the dental clinic

Abstract

X-ray examinations are an essential part of dental treatment. As technology advances and the accuracy of diagnostic imaging improves, dentists must always consider the safety of patients, dentists and dental co-workers. For examinations involving radiation exposure, principles of radiation protection include justification and optimization (and dose limitation), and it must be performed safely with full awareness of these principles. This article describes x-ray protection in dental practice both inside and outside the dental clinic.

Keywords: Radiation protection, X-ray protector, Portable x-ray unit

Author(s): Fuminari KOMATSU,
Yoko KATOH

Affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Medical University Bantane Hospital

Title: Medical collaboration between dental and neurosurgical departments for trigeminal neuralgia

Abstract

Trigeminal neuralgia is a condition that causes intense pain in one side of the face, and is caused by compression of the trigeminal nerve by normal blood vessels within the skull. Because the symptoms resemble toothache, many cases initially seek dental treatment. Medical consultation is important for diagnosis, and screening is recommended using a trigeminal neuralgia questionnaire. Building reliable medical collaboration between dental and neurosurgical departments is key to early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Keywords: Trigeminal neuralgia, Questionnaire, Medical collaboration

Author(s): Takuya SATOH

Affiliation: Satoh Dental Clinic & Dental Implant Clinic of Osaka, Tsurumi-ku, Osaka

Title: Microscope-aided dentistry: the new approaches for dental clinical procedures

Abstract

The development of “presbyopia” is a serious problem for dentists, whose delicate skills at hand are required, but the use of a dental microscope eliminates these problems and also allows for more accurate treatment than with the naked eye or wearing a loupe. In other words, the application of the microscope in clinical dentistry helps the experienced dentist's eyesight and provides a higher level of treatment technique. In this paper, we would like to present clinical examples of precise and minimally invasive dentistry that can be achieved under a magnified field of view.

Keywords: Dental microscope, Dental positioning, Microsurgery

Author(s): Shunichi OKA

Affiliation: Departmet of Anesthesiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry

Title: Departmet of Anesthesiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry

Abstract

In addition to oral surgery and pediatric dentistry, dentists have a duty to provide safe and reliable dental care to patients with a range of diseases as well. Dental treatment involves a range of stressful situations, so it is important to reduce this stress in order to prevent complications in patients. In this paper, we report specific methods for reducing stress as well as on the current status and problems of intravenous sedation as a method for this. This paper also presents drugs that may possibly be used in the future.

Keywords: Intravenous sedation, Dental phobia, Stress

Author(s): Hiroki OHGE

Affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima University Hospital

Title: Current issues of antibiotic supply

Abstract

While generic drugs reduce medical expenditure, excessive decreases in the prices of antibiotics have caused supply difficulties for these drugs. Currently, almost all commonly used antibiotics are imported as they are no longer produced in Japan. In addition, novel antibiotics for antimicrobial resistant organisms have been lacking because of fewer incentive policies. These issues are a matter of national security for Japan: we need to be aware of this crisis and take actions to resolve it.

Keywords: Antibiotics, Key drugs, Antimicrobial resistance

Author(s): Joe IWANAGA

Affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University

Title: Evidence based clinical anatomy and diagnosis of an impacted mandibular third molar

Abstract

When a patient visits your practice for an impacted mandibular third molar, what information would you provide? As there is no consensus for the indication of mandibular third molar extraction, in addition to experience, both scientific evidence and anatomical knowledge need to be marshaled for better informed consent. This article aims to review the scientific evidence and clinical anatomy regarding the mandibular third molar to provide appropriate information to our patients and to share knowledge for better diagnoses.

Keywords: Impacted mandibular third molar, Clinical anatomy, Inferior alveolar nerve

Author(s): Kenji HATA, Riko NISHIMURA

Affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University

Title: Epigenetics in future dentistry

Abstract

Epigenetics is a molecular mechanism that controls gene function through chemical modification without changing the DNA sequences. Recent studies have shown the important roles of epigenetics in human health and disease. This knowledge of epigenetics will provide critical information for better understandings of oral diseases and contribute to the development of early diagnosis markers and effective therapeutic approaches targeting epigenetics. This article outlines the molecular basis of epigenetics and its future applications in dentistry.

Keywords: Epigenetics, Genes, DNA methylation

Author(s): Akihiro NISHIYAMA1),
Takaharu ARIIZUMI2),
Akira KATAKURA1)

Affiliation: 1)Department of Oral Pathobiological Science and Surgery, Tokyo Dental College
2)Department of Oral Maxillofacial and Surgery, Tokyo Dental College Abstract

Title: Repair and functional recovery of peripheral trigeminal nerve damage: fundamentals and clinical aspects

Abstract

Peripheral trigeminal nerve disorders are a potential adverse event of treatment in the oral maxillofacial region. These mainly include inferior alveolar nerve and lingual nerve disorders. The number of patients seeking treatment for both has been increasing in recent years, and there is also an increasing trend for lingual nerve disorders. It can be difficult to explain and manage peripheral nerve disorders in daily clinical practice. This article describes the basics and clinical aspects of peripheral nerve damage that clinicians may encounter in their daily practice.

Keywords: Peripheral nerve injury, Nerve repair surgery, Extraction of wisdom teeth

Author(s): Kiminori SATO

Affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine

Title: Current pathophysiology and treatment of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis

Abstract

The pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis have changed greatly recently. There is a chain of infection from dental lesions in the originating tooth to odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, and factors retarding the healing of infections lead to a vicious cycle of inflammation in the closed maxillary sinus that results in intractable maxillary sinusitis. Consequently, odontogenic maxillary sinusitis treatment strategies involve how to manage the inflammatory vicious cycle in the closed maxillary sinus. The predominant pathophysiology of intractable maxillary sinusitis is not because the odontogenic infection is presented at the floor of the maxillary sinus, but because ventilation and drainage of the maxillary sinus are inhibited.

Keywords: Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, Pathophysiology, Ostiomeatal complex

Author(s): Kazuto MAKIGUSA

Affiliation: Makigusa Dental Clinic, Kyotanabe-shi, Kyoto

Title: Reconfirming basic periodontal surgery techniques based on anatomy

Abstract

There are many books and workshops for learning clinical techniques in postgraduate education, but there are few places to learn that link anatomy and clinical practice. Therefore, this paper reconfirms basic surgical techniques based on the anatomical knowledge of periodontal tissue necessary for periodontal surgery. There are two types of mucosal flap elevation technique used in periodontal surgery: full thickness flap elevation and partial thickness flap elevation. As the keyword here is the periosteum, this paper first explains the structure of the periosteum, followed by an explanation of the basic medical background of the full-thickness flap elevation and the partial-thickness flap elevation, as well as examples of clinical cases.

Keywords: Periodontal surgery, Anatomy, Periosteum

Author(s): Kodai HATTA1), Yuki MUROTANI2), Kazunori IKEBE1)

Affiliation: 1)Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University
2)Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Dental Hospital

Title: The importance of dentistry in an age when people live to 100:
from a 10-year longitudinal epidemiological study of the elderly

Abstract

It has been more than 10 years since the SONIC Study, an epidemiological study on approximately 3,000 older people conducted by the authors, began in 2010. The SONIC Study is an interdisciplinary study that combines the humanities and sciences. Experts from various fields collect data in their respective fields. This has allowed us to examine the oral cavity and its relationship to physical and psychological health using high-quality data. The study has produced a substantial amount of evidence.

Keywords: Older people, Oral function, Epidemiological study

Author(s): Tetsuya MIZUKAMI

Affiliation: Mizukami Dental Clinic, Fukutsu-shi, Fukuoka

Title: Root resection revisited: consideration from past observations and literature

Abstract

With preservation of teeth being reexamined, root resection is no longer done as much as it was from the perspective of preservation of natural teeth, concerns about root fracture of non-vital teeth or re-doing root canal treatment, and the subsequent need for prosthetic intervention. However, the clinical outcomes of root resections performed in the past by the author is relatively favorable. On the other hand, clinically favorable outcomes have been reported by the regenerative therapy. This paper examines regenerative therapy, resective treatment, and a combination of both for furcation involvement.

Keywords: Root resection, Regenerative treatment, Combination therapy

Author(s): Yuiko ISHIKAWA1), Hiroo YOSHIOKA2)

Affiliation: 1)General Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University Hospital
2)Domiciliary Dental Care, The Nippon Dental University Niigata Hospital

Title: Management of dental waste in clinics and home-visit treatments

Abstract

Disposal of waste generated during normal dental treatment is governed by a range of laws designed to protect everyone involved from infection. Regulations need to be drawn up and staff trained in clinics based on a full understanding of this. Today, with the risk of unknown infectious diseases becoming epidemic, learning the correct knowledge regarding preventing infection through standard preventive measures and careful management of waste products is needed for both consultation rooms and home visits. This paper describes the knowledge and measures necessary to manage dental waste in clinics and home visits.

Keywords: Dental waste, Home visit treatment waste, Infection prevention measures

Author(s): Haruka TOHARA

Affiliation: Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Division of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University

Title: Evaluation of swallowing function and dysphagia rehabilitation

Abstract

Support for dysphagia patients is especially important in the chronic stage. It is important to pay attention to issues other than oral status as well. Bulbar palsy and pseudo bulbar palsy are the main causes of dysphagia caused by strokes, but there are no handicaps unless there is an issue with the areas that represent swallowing functions. In the relationship between perioral muscles and body muscles, the trunk muscles have to be taken into account in particular. Liquid thickener used to prevent aspiration may have an effect that decreases blood glucose levels. Thickened carbonated drinks may be effective for dysphagia rehabilitation.

Keywords: Dysphagia, Stroke, Trunk muscles

Author(s): Tatsuro ISHIZAKI

Affiliation: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology

Title: The effects of dental visits on acute hospitalization for systemic diseases among older adults: a propensity score-matched study

Abstract

Health insurance claims data for individuals aged 75 years and older in Hokkaido was used to examine whether dental visits prevented acute hospitalization for pneumonia, urinary tract infection, strokes, and acute coronary syndrome, among those who received dental care (n = 432,292), using a propensity score method. The propensity score analysis of 148,032 matched pairs with the same background factors showed that the risks of hospitalization for pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and strokes were significantly lower in the group with dental visits than in the group without dental visits.

Keywords: Older adults, Dental visits, Acute hospitalization

Author(s): Fumiaki YAMAZAKI

Affiliation: Yamazaki Dental clinic, Imizu-shi, Toyama

Title: The current state and challenges of digital dentures

Abstract

Digital dentures are made using digital devices such as 3D printers and milling machines. This means they can be made efficiently and with high accuracy and patient satisfaction, without the need for materials such as plaster or paraffin wax as with traditional analog dentures. On the other hand, it is still a developing system, so there is insufficient information for selecting software and equipment. This paper reports on the current state of digital dentures based on the author’s five years of experience.

Keywords: 3D printing, Milling, Digital dentures

Author(s): Yuiko ISHIKAWA1), Hiroo YOSHIOKA2)

Affiliation: 1)Sadamitsu Dental Clinic, Nara-shi, Nara
2)Shimada Dental Clinic, Yao-shi, Osaka

Title: Established technique for occlusal reconstruction

Abstract

More than a hundred years have passed since Dr. B.B. McCollum stated, “I have started treating the entire oral cavity as a single treatment unit. When will you?” Despite his statement, symptomatic treatment based only on the patient's chief complaints still forms mainstream dental treatment. A comprehensive testing and diagnosis method of a single oral cavity to organize treatment plans has already been established. In addition, cases based on this method and showing good long-term prognoses have been observed. Observing each oral cavity as a single unit is desirable to comprehensively understand the patient's intra-oral conditions. This paper discusses several pertinent occlusal reconstruction methods that are regarded as clinically established.

Keywords: Gnathology, Occlusal reconstruction, Oral rehabilitation

Author(s): Fumiyo TAMURA

Affiliation: Division of Rehabilitation for Speech and Swallowing Disorders, the Nippon Dental University, Tama Oral Rehabilitation Clinic

Title: A review of children with medical complexity and pediatric home dental care

Abstract

As the number of children with medical complexity increases, home visit services are of increasing interest within dentistry. Home dental care patients are not only children with medical complexities but also those who are not classified as having a medical complexity. The chief complaints and treatments for those patients were oral care and dysphagia rehabilitation. Many requests for home dental care come from the family or visiting nurses. The development of medical collaboration systems in each region is important for responding to patient needs.

Keywords: Children with medical complexity, Home dental care for children, Collaboration system

Author(s): Keiko NARUSE

Affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University

Title: Diabetes and periodontal disease: the view from basic research

Abstract

Many epidemiological and clinical studies show a bidirectional relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. However, there are only a few large-scale clinical trials and their evaluation is not yet settled. This article discusses the relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease based on our basic research findings. In rat models for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, experimental periodontitis is exacerbated in comparison with normal rats, and insulin administration ameliorates this diabetes-induced periodontitis exacerbation. The mechanism of this exacerbation was found to be related to nitrosative stress, a phenomenon that has been reported in other diabetic complications. These results suggest a common mechanism between other diabetic complications and diabetic-associated periodontitis. Furthermore, it has been found that locally activated monocytes/macrophages by periodontitis adhere to the aortic intima via the bloodstream and induce inflammation, the initial lesion of atherosclerosis, in the aorta. As diabetic vasculopathy is a central diabetic complication, this suggests that periodontitis with diabetes may have a negative impact on other diabetic complications.

Keywords: Diabetes, Periodontal disease, Diabetic complication

Author(s): Tokuo MATSUI

Affiliation: Kiwakai Dental Clinic

Title: For good prognoses in periodontal treatment: a reconsideration of periodontal surgery

Abstract

Non-surgical therapy is very important in periodontal treatment. Scaling and root planing, in particular, are fundamental to control inflammation. But they have limitations in areas that are difficult to access, so periodontal surgery is often necessary. In periodontal treatment, it is not a matter of prioritizing nonsurgical or surgical treatment, but rather of having both treatment options available, taking into account the patient's desires as to which will provide the best long-term stability.

Keywords: Cleansability, Plaque control, Periodontal surgery

Author(s): Ryo KAMBE

Affiliation: Ryo Dental Clinic, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto

Title: Endodontic treatment with Ni-Ti rotary file and bioceramic sealer

Abstract

Non-surgical endodontic treatment using Ni-Ti rotary files and calcium silicate-based bioceramic sealers has attracted attention recently. The purpose of endodontic therapy is the prevention and treatment of apical periodontitis. This paper reconsiders root canal enlargement and root canal filling in order to achieve this. By using Ni-Ti rotary files and bioceramic sealers, it is possible to achieve the purpose of endodontic therapy with a simpler and more conservative method that strives to preserve tooth structure.

Keywords: Ni-Ti rotary file , Bioceramic sealar , Non-surgical endodontics

Author(s): Shinichi TAKAYAMA

Affiliation: Takayama Dental Clinic, Otsu-shi, Shiga

Title: Points for predicting the clinical outcomes of FGF-2 (REGROTHⓇ) and the effects of long-term courses of periodontal regenerative therapy on clinic team strength

Abstract

Favorable clinical outcomes have been reported for the periodontal regenerative therapy using basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2; REGROTHⓇ). The disadvantage of regenerative therapy, however, compared to resective therapy, is that the results depend on the surgeon’s techniques, and its effectiveness can be unpredictable, depending on the clinical situations. The following five points may be used to predict the clinical outcomes of FGF-2.
(i) Morphology and extent of bone defect (the number of bone walls, depth, width, furcation involvements)
(ii) Bone hardness
(iii) Occlusal trauma (excessive lateral stresses), contact spaces
(iv) Age
(v) Absence of depression of the interdental papillae at the time of suture removal
Postoperative SPT and/or maintenance, which is intensive and patient-focused, not only further strengthens the trusting relationships with the patient, but also improves the clinic staff teamwork. This is a significant reason to engage in periodontal regenerative therapy.

Keywords: Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), Periodontal regenerative therapy, Predictability

Author(s): Toshinori OKINAGA

Affiliation: Department of Bacteriology, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University

Title: Indigenous microflora and health: health longevity linked to balanced oral microflora

Abstract

The intestinal microflora and the oral microflora are the two major indigenous microflora in humans. These microflora are greatly related to health, and their roles are attracting attention. The intestinal microflora changes with age, and attempts are being made to regulate the microflora through probiotics and prebiotics. The oral microflora is also reported to be related to systemic diseases, and the relationship between dysbiosis (disorder of the microflora) and periodontal disease has also been reported. A well-maintained oral environment fosters a rich oral microflora. As a result, a rich intestinal microflora is nurtured, leading to an increase in healthy life expectancy.

Keywords: Microflora, Dysbiosis, Health longevity

Author(s): Kenji WAKABAYASHI

Affiliation: Wakabayashi Dental Clinic, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo

Title: Establishment of a medical treatment system focused on periodontal treatment

Abstract

Periodontal disease is attracting attention as an oral disease associated with various systemic diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. On the other hand, periodontal disease, unlike tooth decay, does not cause symptoms such as pain, and many patients have a poor understanding of the disease. Therefore, we focus on the counseling system, the role of dental hygienists, and the cooperation between dentists and dental hygienists (team medical care) for the treatment and prevention (prevention of aggravation) of periodontal disease that our clinic is working on. We will introduce specific initiatives in.

Keywords: Counseling system, Prevention of aggravation of periodontal disease, Team medical care

Author(s): Yumi YAMAGUCHI, Ryota MATSUNARI, Hiroaki ICHIOKA, Hiroshi IKEGAYA

Affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine

Title: Expectations for death diagnosis by dentists in a society with increasing numbers of deaths

Abstract

Following the enactment of the Dental Practitioners Act in 1906, there was a period of 5 years during which dentists were legally prohibited from issuing death certificates. The controversy was over whether or not dentists should be allowed to issue death certificates, as dentists were not generally trained in the field of medicine. However, it is now widely known that dental diseases are closely related to systemic diseases, and dentists are required to have general medical knowledge. In response to the recent increase in the number of deaths and the shortage of medical doctors, the Government is trying to involve nurses in diagnosing death. However, we believe that now is the time to consider involving dentists in death diagnoses.

Keywords: Death diagnosis, Dental Practitioners Act, Death certificates

Author(s): Takashi YASUDA

Affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical University

Title: Bringing the light of Kampo medicine to dentistry : a manual for using Kampo medicine in clinical cases

Abstract

Since the 1868 Meiji Restoration, modern Japanese medicine has developed a medical system that corresponds to disease names based on Western medicine. Therefore, it is difficult to bring Kampo medicine into perfect alignment with that framework.
On the other hand, there have been many cases where Kampo medicine has been successful in treating diseases that were difficult to treat using Western/modern medical approaches. This paper focuses on actual clinical examples while incorporating the basics of clinical condition analysis using Kampo medicine for clinical dentistry.

Keywords: Kampo medicine, history of Kampo medicine, side effects of crude drugs

Author(s): Kazuhiro HIKITA

Affiliation: Division of Digital Dentistry, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido

Title: Utilization of ICT in dentistry and prospects for digital dentistry

Abstract

In modern society, digital technology is used in various fields and applications, and in dental practice, new digital technologies such as CAD/CAM resin composite crowns are being incorporated into National Health Insurance. Digital dentistry has become recognized as a new field that cuts across traditional dentistry. In this article, we will consider what kind of future developments can be expected in dentistry through the use of new equipment such as intraoral scanners and 3D printers.

Keywords: ICT, Digital dentistry, CAD/CAM resin composite crown

Author(s): Yoshikazu OHTA

Affiliation: Dental Office With You, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido

Title: Reconsidering mandibular position in a super aging society: inspecting the occlusal position of proper mandibular position as dentists

Abstract

Dentists always use the phrase “Okay, bite!” when we take a maxillomandibular relationship record in our day-to-day clinical practice. But this phrase is used without a diagnosis for whether this occlusal position is physiologically correct or not. When we produce a dental prosthesis for the missing part of a dentition, it is necessary to set up the occlusal position for a proper physiological maxillomandibular relationship. That position is “Centric relation” or “Stabilized condylar position” which means “No tension in the physiological muscular position” which means in turn, “the maximal intercuspal position.”

Keywords: Mandibular position, Muscular position, Maxillomandibular

Author(s): Takashi ONO

Affiliation: Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)Abstract

Title: Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: overview and current research

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-disordered breathing with a number of symptoms and complications, and is recognized as a serious health problem. On the other hand, orthodontic treatment has become a medical tool that not only impacts the oral and maxillofacial region but also the quality of life, and orthodontists are increasingly focusing on OSA and the tissues adjacent to the oral cavity that play a role in it, such as the nasopharyngeal airways, and their functions. This paper discusses the impact of OSA not only spatially but also temporally, and more specifically, from birth to adulthood of the individual, focusing on intermittent hypoxia, a hallmark of OSA.

Keywords: Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea, Intermittent hypoxia, Early treatment

Author(s): Ryuichi TAKAOKA

Affiliation: Takaoka Dental Clinic, Minato-ku, Tokyo

Title: The future of cases of few missing teeth: looking ahead to a super-ageing society of people with many teeth

Abstract

The idea of treating missing dentition as a pathological condition began in the 1970s, spurred by problems frequently occurring when treating Eichner classification C1 cases with partial dentures. Eventually, crossbite was positioned as the final image of missing dentition, and the pathological condition of the case at hand was evaluated to determine how far it was from the final image, with the goal of treatment being to prevent the patient from approaching the final image as much as possible. On the other hand, the status of remaining teeth among Japanese citizens was about 7% of the initial 8020 goals when the 8020 Campaign started, but in recent surveys, this has reached 51.2%. In other words, we are moving from a society of elderly people with few teeth to a super-ageing society with many teeth, and the sense of distance to the final image of missing dentition has become much more remote than before. This paper discusses cases of a small number of missing teeth that have been followed over a long period of time, examines its aspects, and looks for clues to the maintenance of patients in their 90s who have a large number of teeth.

Keywords: Cases of small number of missing teeth, Disease type, Super-ageing society with many teeth

Author(s): Arisa YAMAGUCHI, Yorimasa OGATA

Affiliation: Departments of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo

Title: Predicting the prognosis of periodontal disease based on changes in components within salivary exosomes

Abstract

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles formed from of a lipid bilayer membrane secreted from cells into body fluids. They contribute to communication between cells by transporting biologically active substances such as proteins and RNA. Collecting saliva before and after initial periodontal therapy of patients suffering from periodontitis allows a comparison of changes in components within the salivary exosomes and the results of the periodontal examination. In patients with increased complement component 6 protein amounts following initial periodontal therapy, the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) values were significantly higher, and the microRNA(miRNA: miR)-142 and miR-144 amounts were extremely higher post-treatment than patients that showed a C6 decrease. The above results suggest the possibility of applying the protein and miRNA levels in salivary exosomes to the diagnosis of periodontitis, the prognosis of treatment, and the determination of maintenance intervals.

Keywords: Periodontal disease, Saliva, Exosomes

Author(s): Yogetsu BANDO1), Mutsumi TAKAHASHI2)

Affiliation: 1)Bando Dental Clinic, Kanazawa-shi, Ihikawa
2)Department of Physiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata

Title: Support for sports medical science focusing on sensory input of postural control

Abstract

The main sensory inputs related to postural control are visual, somatic, and vestibular sensations. Somatic and vestibular sensations are affected by stimulation of the various organs in the maxillofacial and neck areas related to occlusion. Information from sensory organs is integrated in the central nervous system and contributes to postural control, and the priority of these sensory inputs characteristically changes according to physical activity. This paper discusses the contribution of sensory input to postural control and introduces the support for sports medical science that utilizes this characteristic.

Keywords: Posture control, Occlusion, Sports medical science

Author(s): Noriaki KAMIO, Muneaki TAMURA, Shogo OKAZAKI, Kenichi IMAI

Affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nihon University School of Dentistry

Title: Relationship between the oral cavity and respiratory diseases: the importance of oral health management

Abstract

The oral cavity is the entry point for bacteria and viruses to enter the body, and it is also the entrance to the lower respiratory tract, including the bronchi and lungs. Especially, the elderly people have a higher incidence of lower respiratory tract diseases owing to decline in swallowing function, airway ciliary motility, and overall immunity associated with aging. In recent years, the relationship between “chronic periodontitis and oral bacteria” and “respiratory diseases” (e.g., pneumonia, COPD, and influenza) has become clear. In addition, the association of periodontitis and aggravation of COVID-19 has also being reported. The reduced chance of receiving professional oral care owing to long-term hospitalization of patients with COVID-19 may increase the aggravation risk of infection in the lower respiratory tract. On the other hand, it has been reported that oral health management, including oral care, is effective in preventing the onset of lower respiratory tract diseases such as aspiration pneumonia and influenza. Therefore, active oral health care is now being provided mainly to elderly people who need nursing care. In this review, the effects of oral health management on the development of lower respiratory tract diseases will be examined, in addition to the relationship between “chronic periodontitis and oral bacteria” and lower airway diseases.

Keywords: Oral bacteria, Respiratory disease, Oral health management

Author(s): Ataru ITOU

Affiliation: Itou Dental Clinic, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka

Title: Effect of the long-term dental maintenance ]in a private practice

Abstract

In recent years, the dental clinics which work on maintenance for the control of caries and periodontal disease are increasing in Japan. Maintenance itself has been already listed in textbooks more than 50 years ago and is not a new concept at all. However, there are very few studies that checked the long-term effects of this maintenance. This report analyzes data from the author’s dental office to show the grounds for performing maintenance. The limitations of maintenance are also discussed.

Keywords: Dental caries, Periodontal disease, Maintenance

Author(s): Fusanori NISHIMURA

Affiliation: Section of Periodontology, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science

Title: Periodontal medicine: challenges and perspective for the future

Abstract

Periodontal medicine has developed through investigating the bi-directional relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. On the other hand, in terms of the relationship between periodontal disease and other diseases, research should be developed in a way that can withstand evaluation from society and other academic fields, especially related medical fields. This paper lays out the challenges and future perspectives for these area while looking at the relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. Today, Japan is facing a super-aging society, and the concept of treatment has to be changed from “cure” to “prevention of worsening.” This paper summarizes the nature of periodontal disease in the elderly and proposes periodontal treatment concepts for elderly patients.

Keywords: Periodontal medicine, Nutrition, Super-aging society

Author(s): Yoshitaka NARA

Affiliation: Chigasaki Nara Dental Clinic, Chigasaki-shi, Kanagawa

Title: Indications for periodontal regenerative therapy and flap design

Abstract

Periodontal regenerative therapy is a treatment method that allows notable improvements in the surrounding tissue of teeth that have suffered attachment loss of a degree that preservation appears difficult. However, periodontal regenerative therapy does not always yield expected results. To obtain the best treatment results possible, it is important to understand the indications and to select the appropriate surgical approach. This paper discusses indications and flap design of the regenerative therapy.

Keywords: Periodontal regenerative therapy, Intrabony defect, Furcation involvement

Author(s): Kaname TSUJI

Affiliation: First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka Dental University

Title: Unforced tooth transplantation

Abstract

Tooth transplantation (Autologous transplantation) is one method of recovering bite support for areas of missing dentition caused by caries or periodontal disease. Recently, such tooth transplantation treatment results have been improving dramatically as treatment methods become established. However, at present it is not widely known what sort of cases tooth transplantation is indicated for, or whether it is covered by insurance. In addition to these topics, this paper discusses treatment steps, transplant surgery, treatment points and difficult cases, with the goal of sharing knowledge of tooth transplantation that can be done without being forced.

Keywords: Tooth transplantation, Autologous transplantation, Third molar

Author(s): Kazunori OTANI

Affiliation: Otani Dental Clinic, Taito-ku, Tokyo

Title: Clinical application of all-ceramic cantilever resin bonded fixed partial dentures

Abstract

A dental implant is a good option to replace a single missing tooth, but for various reasons patients may decide to choose other options, such as removable partial dentures or fixed partial dentures/bridge, which are still viable prosthetic options. Patients usually prefer fixed partial dentures (bridges) over removable ones when replacing a single missing anterior tooth for esthetic reasons, but the disadvantage is the removal of tooth structure which may sometimes require shaving down virgin teeth. Resin bonded fixed partial dentures have been used for several years now due to being minimally invasive. This presentation will discuss the basic principles and key factors to consider when using zirconia ceramics for fixed partial dentures.

Keywords: Resin-bonded fixed partial dentures, Zirconia ceramics, Cantilever bridgses

Author(s): Masahiro SUGIMOTO

Affiliation: Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University

Title: Saliva-based tests for metabolic diseases

Abstract

Saliva is a non-invasive biofluid that is suitable for a variety of biological tests. Recently, many studies have been conducted to discover biomarkers for both oral and systemic diseases. Establishing a mechanism for early cancer detection via saliva holds significant promise as a new screening method for cancer and metabolic-related diseases.
However, the fluctuating levels of salivary markers due to diverse factors necessitate standardization for practical application and elucidation of the underlying biochemical mechanisms. This article discusses systemic metabolism-related diseases using metabolomic technologies.

Keywords: Saliva, Metabolism, Metabolome

Author(s): Tomoyoshi KAITO

Affiliation: Optimus dental clinic kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo

Title: Features and clinical techniques for molar crown restoration using occlusal veneers

Abstract

The use of occlusal veneers is attracting attention nowadays as one of the methods for coronal restorations. This method has already been proven to be useful overseas, with good outcomes in restorations of posterior teeth and in treatment of tooth wear. The clinical importance of the occlusal veneer is that it restores and maintains occlusal contact and occlusal height along with substance defects by bonding high-strength ceramics to the abutment teeth that have undergone the removal of the occlusal surface layer. This restoration method presupposes adhesive bonding on a very narrow surface, so the bonding work and tooth preparation would be critical clinical requirements for the preservation and stability. The application requires multiple points to be noted, so I have exemplified some actual clinical cases to explain the techniques.

Keywords: Partial coverage crown, Occlusal veneers, All ceramic restoration

Author(s): Masanori FUJISAWA, Shoko MIURA, Takafumi FUJITA

Affiliation: Division of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative & Biomaterials Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry

Title: Basics and points to note in daily dental practice using CAD/CAM crowns

Abstract

Ten years have passed since CAD/CAM crowns were covered by dental insurance, in April 2014. In the six and a half years since CAD/CAM crowns were first covered by insurance, the indications have been expanded four times. These revisions indicate a clear trend in insurance medical treatment emphasizing metal-free prosthetic devices. This article outlines the background to allowing insurance to cover CAD/CAM crowns, the basics of daily clinical practice, and points to keep in mind. It is believed that CAD/CAM crowns will become more popular as a useful dental prosthesis by identifying suitable cases and making accurate diagnoses.

Keywords: CAD/CAM crowns, Jump margin treatment, Coating materials

The Journal of the Japan Dental Association

ENGLISH

2023 VOL.76

NO.1 April

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NO.2 May

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NO.3 June

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NO.4 July

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NO.5 August

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