Kenichi KURITA, Shinichi TANIGUCHI
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry,Aichi Gakuin University
Coronectomy for lower third molars : usefulness and procedures
Coronectomy is performed when contact between the tooth root(s)and the inferior alveolar nerve is suspected. We have performed 392 coronectomies since 2005. The post-operative course was uneventful in 374 cases(95.4%). Temporary lower lip hypoesthesia from nerve injury was observed in only one case(0.3%). Seventeen residual roots were extracted, without nerve damage, because of dry socket, incomplete wound closure, eruption into the pocket and subgingival eruption. Residual roots caused no major complications such as severe ostitis or the morbidities. Coronectomy can be used for the extraction of third molars where there is a high risk of inferior alveolar nerve injury.
Coronectomy, Sensory paralysis of the lower lip, Tooth extraction
Haruka NISHIMATA1),Tomonori HOSHINO2),Taku FUJIWARA2)
1)Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry, Nagasaki University Hospital
2)Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
Knowledge for dentists and dental hygienist about sugar group and sugar-substitutes
Sweeteners are used to sweeten food, and sweeteners used in lieu of sucrose are known as sugar-substitutes. Sweeteners are classified into sugar-type and non-sugar-type. Sucrose is the best sweetener, but is compromised by its cariogenic activity. Although some sweeteners are less or non-cariogenic, few are anti-cariogenic. The prevention of dental caries by sweetener control alone is considered impossible. A systematic review revealed that most reports on the caries inhibitory effect of xylitol were lacking in good quality evidence. Dentists should understand the properties of sweeteners and put that knowledge to use in clinical practice.
Sugar, Sugar-Substitutes, Dental caries
Shinya MURAKAMI
Department of Periodontology,Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry
REGROTH®, a new FGF-2 medicine for periodontal regeneration : its development, mode of action and precautions when using
In September of 2016, REGROTH® was officially approved by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. REGROTH® was developed in Japan and is the world’s first periodontal regenerative medicine. REGROTH® consists of 0.3% basic Fibroblast Growth Factor(FGF-2)and 3% hydroxypropylcellulose and is applied topically to bone defects during flap surgery. Stimulating proliferation and migration of periodontal tissue stem cells, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix production, REGROTH® accelerates periodontal regeneration at the sites it is applied to.
Periodontal regenerative therapy, FGF-2, REGROTH® 341144
Yasuko MOMOI
Department of Operative Dentistry, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine
Long-term Management of Root Caries using Fluoride and Glass Ionomer
Many unclear points remain regarding the pathology of dental root caries, and EBM-based restorative treatment has not yet been established for it as it has been for tooth crown dental caries. Therefore, arresting caries by atraumatic treatment, that is, remineralization using fluoride, may better extend tooth life than conventional “drill and fill” restoration for initial caries even with loss of substance. Due to the location and morphology of the caries, when we determine that there is uncertainty as to whether infected dentin has been removed and complete removal of infected dentin would weaken the residual tooth structure, it is better to halt removal of the infected dentin and switch to urgent temporary restoration using glass-ionomer or remineralization therapy followed by continuous management. Root caries treatment should be characterized by early detection and long-term management.
Root caries, Fluoride, Glass ionomer
Kitetsu SHIN
Department of Oral Biology & Tissue Engineering Division of Periodontology, Meikai University School of Dentistry
Maintenance of Dental Implants : Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Peri-implant Disease
Dental implant therapy plays an important role in restoring oral function. On the other hand, peri-implantitis is highly prevalent among post-operative complications of implant therapy. Peri-implantitis progresses asymptomatically and, if not appropriately treated, leads to loss of the implant. This article describes methods of peri-implant tissue maintenance necessary for long term stability after implant therapy, as well as how to deal with peri-implantitis.
Dental implant therapy, Peri-implantitis, Maintenance
Katsuhisa SUNADA
Department of Dental Anesthesiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo
Anesthesia - What We Hear, and What Really Works
The adrenaline, felypressin, preservatives and oxidants found in anesthetics for dental use can cause systemic complications. To achieve highly effective and painless anesthesia, inhalation sedation and topical anesthetics should be used, selecting a fine needle, inserting it slowly into the mucobuccal fold with bevel facing the mucosa while administering the injectable solution, and performing additional injection into the cervical gingiva. Using the proximal method with a 33 G 12 mm needle and felypressin prilocaine is a very effective anesthetic procedure for mandibular molar teeth. There is not yet enough clinical evidence for the use of intraperiodontal injections.
Felypressin, Infiltration anesthesia, Proximal method
Nobuhiro HANADA
Department of Translational Research, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University
Eubiotics from Dentistry
The health problems that humans are now facing result from drastic changes in food ingredients and cooking methods, and the inability of the human body to adapt itself to this greatly changed food culture. As a result, the three major disorders of dental caries, periodontal diseases and malocclusion that are treated by dentists, as well as various lifestyle-related diseases, have been developing. It is impossible to eliminate the fundamental causes of oral diseases such as soft foods that can be eaten without chewing and a diet in which the ingredients are heated to bring out their flavors. Thus, the three major dental disorders and the various lifestyle-related diseases will remain an ongoing problem.
Food culture, Biofilm infection, Lifestyle-related diseases
Kazuhiko SUESE
Osaka Dental University Dept. Esthetic Dentistry
CAD/CAM Crowns - the Secret to Success
CAD/CAM technology developed quickly with the digitization of dentistry, and has been covered by national medical insurance as an advanced medicine technology since April 2014. With the CAD/CAM crown, new materials and technology have become widely available in a prosthetic dentistry device and, as such, it has drawn much attention. In order to offer a CAD/CAM crown that patients can feel comfortable with, three important points must be observed: good tooth preparation, the suitability of the crown for the procedure, and soundly executed adhesive bonding technique. These three points are also the ironbound rules of prosthetic dentistry, and success with CAD/CAM crown procedures requires unique clinical techniques.
CAD/CAM technology, Crown, National medical insurance
Ken NAKAHARA
Clinical Oro-Maxillofacial Bone Research and Application, Advanced Research Center, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
Implant Treatment in a Super-aging Society
As society ages, dentists are treating more elderly patients. Moreover, given the association between the extension of healthy life expectancy and the health of oral cavity has been attracting attention, more elderly patients will be wanting aggressive dental treatment. This report examines major current and future challenges, such as implant treatment requiring vertical alveolar ridge augmentation and implant treatment in patients to whom a bone resorption inhibitor is administered, looking at clinical cases and basic research for these treatments.
Implant treatment, Vertical bone augmentation, ARONJ
Satoshi KURATOMI
Kuratomi Dental Clinic, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka
Thoughts on Endodontic Treatment
“No treatment without diagnosis” is a saying of my mentor, Dr. Koichi Shimokawa. Desultory measures taken for no clear reason cannot be called medical treatment. And in endodontic treatment, too, anatomical and pathological diagnosis largely determines the prognosis. However, because the region where endodontic treatment takes place is not readily visible, the results are not necessarily the desired results. Ongoing inquiry into what gives rise to what physiological reactions is therefore important. This paper focuses on the matter of diagnosis and treatment concept, looking at particular cases.
Diagnosis, Apical stop, Follow-up
Hiroshi SUZUKI, Misao KAWARA
Department of Oral Function and Rehabilitation, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
Dental support for the disabled athletes and custom-made mouthguard fabrication
In recent years, there has been greater encouragement for the participation of disabled persons in sporting activities and, as a result, sport for the disabled has become as much about competing as about rehabilitation and the maintenance of function. With disabled athletes desiring greater maintenance of physical condition and increased competitiveness, this paper introduces activities of the authors to examine what it means to support disabled sports and what dentists can do to help.
Sports for the disabled, Sports dentist, Custom-made mouthguard
Takashi KANEDA
Departments of Radiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
Foundation and clinical applications of CT and MRI for the dentistry
Triggered by the insurance introduction of dental computed tomography(CT)of April, 2012, Japan became the
world’s best possession country of both dental CT and medical CT machines. CT and magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI)have been widely used not only imaging diagnosis but also clinical application using CT and MR imaging modalities
for the dentistry. On the other hand, it has been required the appropriate CT examinations without miss diagnosis or
overlooked the lesion at the clinical situation in Europe and the United States. In addition, as for the MRI examination
without the radiation exposure, there are some prohibitions such as cardiac pacemaker and metal prohibited for the safety
MRI examinations in clinical situations.
The purposes of this review article are to describe the basics and clinical application of these modalities such as CT
and MR imaging techniques, to understand characteristic CT and MR findings of maxillofacial lesions for the dental
clinicians.
CT, MRI, Clinical applications
Hirohiko HIRANO, Ayako EDAHIRO
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
The current state in Japan relating to dementia : Basic skills dentists should know for managing and treating dental problems in dementia patients
Japan’s rapidly aging society and the concomitant increase of people with dementia is unprecedented. In January 2015, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare therefore adopted the Comprehensive Strategy to Accelerate Dementia Measures(or “New Orange Plan”)as a national strategy to bolster measures against dementia. This plan is to improve training to deal with dementia patients, which includes providing timely and appropriate dental care and oral health management in line with the dementia patient’s condition.
Dementia, Dental problem management, Japanese Natronal Dementia Plan
Kotaro TSUCHIDA
Tsuchida Dental Office, Miyazaki-shi, Miyazaki
Dealing with the pathologic tooth migration commonly encountered in cases of periodontal disease
For general dentists, there are considerable hurdles to incorporating orthodontic treatment into everyday clinical practice. However, incorporating it into treatment strategies for periodontal disease and prosthetics can broaden clinical scope. This paper examines the things general dentists should consider in cases of severe periodontal disease involving pathologic tooth migration and requiring prosthetic or implant treatment.
Pathologic tooth migration(PTM), Periodontal disease, Orthodontic treatment
Sachiyo TOMITA, Atsushi SAITO
Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College
Before considering periodontal surgery : Initial periodontal therapy revisited
In 2016, formal pharmaceutical approval was given in Japan to the use of a novel method for periodontal regenerative therapy, the REGROTH® Dental Kit, which includes FGF-2(bFGF ; basic fibroblast growth factor). This is a significant addition to the already available options for periodontal surgery. However, before considering surgical periodontal treatment, it is important for clinicians to carefully assess the causes and risk factors of periodontal diseases and perform initial periodontal therapy to address them. Without appropriate initial periodontal therapy, a favorable clinical outcome cannot be expected even after periodontal surgery. Here we describe the current concept of initial periodontal therapy, with representative cases, hoping to highlight, once again, the importance of non-surgical periodontal therapy.
Initial periodontal therapy, Plaque control, Periodontal surgery
Shinya YAMANAKA
CiRA, Kyoto University
Recent progress in iPS cell research and projected applications
It was 10 years ago that we first reported the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs), and some research areas heve already launched clinical srudies. The appeal of iPSCs is that they can proliferate almost indefinitely and differentiate into multiple lineages. As a result, cell-based therapies, disease mechanisms and new drug development are being studied worldwide using iPSCs. In 2014, the world’s first clinical study using iPSCs was initiated to study the transplantation of iPSC-derived RPE(retinal pigment epithelium)sheets for age-related macular degeneration. iPSC technology resides in disease modeling and drug screening, especially in cases where tissues from patients is hard to obtain.
iPS cells, Regenerative medicine, Drug discovery
Hideyuki IZUMI
Nishimoto Dental Clinic, Nagahama-shi, Shiga
Saving the pulp of a traumatized tooth : Diagnosis and treatment of complicated crown fracture
The incidence rate of traumatic dental injury(TDI)is by no means low, with one in five children being said to experience it. Furthermore, TDI is of high importance. In most cases of complicated crown fracture, the pulp can be saved. Also, restoration methods using fragments of a fractured tooth are able to restore teeth to a high aesthetic level, meaning that acquiring the right knowledge and techniques can contribute greatly towards improving patients’ quality of life. The goals of TDI treatment are to prevent bacterial infection resulting from microleakage, carry out with precision the pulp capping that is key to treatment success, and carry out restorative treatment.
Traumatic dental injury(TDI), Dental pulp exposure, Saving dental pulp
Akihiro KANEKO
Department of Oral Surgery, School of Medicine, Tokai University
Antimicrobial therapy of odontogenic infections without increasing resistant bacteria
Since antibiotic tissue penetration into oral tissues such as the infected jaw bone and abscess cavity is low resulting in low antibiotic concentration at the site, it is important to perform local procedures such as infected root canal treatment, abscess incision and drainage in parallel. The selection of antibiotics with strong antibacterial activities against oral streptococci and anaerobic bacteria, which are the primary causes of odontogenic infections. The frequency of involvement of obligate anaerobes increases with the severity of the inflammation. For severe odontogenic infections, antimicrobials with strong antibacterial activities against anaerobic bacteria that produce β- lactamase should be selected.
Odontogenic infections, Antimicrobial resistance(AMR), Guidelines for Clinical Management
Miho KODAMA
Division of Prenatal Dentistry and Division of Rehabilitation for Speech and Swallowing Disorders, The Nippon Dental University Hospital
Environmental changes in the oral cavity of pregnant women and safe dental treatment : Oral management from prenatal stage
Increasing female hormones with pregnancy can have harmful effects such as gingival swelling in the oral cavity.
Furthermore, the risk of gingivitis and periodontitis increases due to frequent small meals and changes in the properties
of saliva. In addition, the formation of tooth germs in fetuses begins using nutrition provided by the mothers. Postnatal
infection with Streptcoccus mutans in the infant occurs mainly through contact with his/her mother. In short, a good oral
environment in the mother is needed for a healthy oral cavity in the child.
Pregnancy, Oral care, Dental treatment
Atsushi TAKAYANAGI
Takayanagi Dental Clinic, Satte-shi, Saitama
The science of the toothbrush : the form and physical characteristics of toothbrushes
The toothbrush market is one of great diversity. The forms given to toothbrushes are to supplement the user’s brushing skill, and are closely related to such things as the scope of reach of the bristles and cleaning efficiency. Properly understanding such characteristics of toothbrushes and selecting self-care products that match, for example, the patient’s particular dental cavity condition and brushing skills, can help in the provision of the kind of instruction in self-care that reduces the burden of it and is readily accepted by patients.
Toothbrush, Self-care, Brushing
Mitsuo FUKUDA
Division of Periodontal Health Promotion, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
Basic knowledge in understanding oral malodor and patients with halitosis
Presented here is a new definition of halitosis, which is needed for the treatment of halitosis in patients who are
anxious about and affirm their own oral malodor. Oral malodor is recognized not only by someone else, as previously
defined, but also by the patient himself or herself. Patients with halitosis should be classified as having olfactory reference
syndrome, whereby they affirm their own oral malodor and suffer anxiety because of it.
This definition is based on the psychological aspect of anxiety in regard to oral malodor, and helps in understanding
a patient’s complaints. Also covered is basic knowledge of oral malodor, i.e., its chemical composition, odor measurement
methods, the mechanism of oral malodor generation, physiological oral malodor, and treatment protocol.
Oral malodor, Halitosis, Volatile sulfur compounds
Yoshiaki KAMIKAWA1),Tetsuya NITTA2)
1)Department of Oral Diagnostic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
2)Department of Oral Surgery, Kagoshima City Hospital
Case studies in palliative care oral management
In recent years, the definition of palliative care has undergone a major change, with the 2002 WHO definition of
palliative care being an approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing issues associated
with life-threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable
assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychosocial and spiritual.
As a result, demand for palliative dental care has also increased.
We outline the role of dentistry in palliative care and discuss cases.
Palliative care, Oral management, Oral care
Hidekazu TAKAHASHI
Department of Oral Biomaterials Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Overview of characteristics of CAD/CAM resin blocks used under the national health care insurance system
There have been many commercial composite resin blocks available for CAD/CAM premolar crowns, and covered by
national health care insurance ; however, their physical properties have not been elucidated. Physical properties such as
filler content, shape of filler, flexural strength, flexural modulus, water sorption, water solubility, discoloration after
immersion in coffee, change of surface gloss, and wear resistance were evaluated. These properties varied among products.
The appropriate selection of CAD/CAM blocks and adhesive process is considered essential for favorable treatment outcomes.
Composite resin for CAD/CAM, Public health insurance approved, Physical properties
Hiyori MAKINO
Department of Health and Science, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi-Gakuin University
Knowledge of dysphagia diet with which dentists should be familiar
It is necessary for dysphagia meals to appropriately correspond to the level of a patient’s eating and swallowing function. To achieve this, it is indispensable to accurately assess the patient’s eating and swallowing function and to provide suitable meals based on the dysphagia diet standard. However, it is difficult to evaluate eating and swallowing function in patients, and it is not easy, either, to prepare and provide a stable dysphagia diet. As the person in charge of the eating and swallowing support team, the dentists is required to bring together the team and work in a clinical setting, demonstrating the latest knowledge and skills in patient assessment and support as well as in providing a dysphagia diet.
Dysphagia diet, Eating and swallowing function, Role of dentists
Tetsuji AOSHIMA
Aoshima Dental Office
A restorative approach with direct resin composite techniques for cavities including approximal lesions.
In daily clinical practice, the first choice for restoration of occlusal caries lesions and class 1 cavities is to use direct
restoration using composite resin.
However, for approximal or class 2 caries lesions, indirect restoration tends to be the first option due to the difficulty
of adequately restoring approximal contact points. We created a treatment method for approximal caries lesions, and for
class 2 cavities that include proximal, using direct rather than indirect restoration. First, while maintaining the contact
point, we introduce the horizontal slot technique, as an approach to treating approximal caries lesions. We then introduce
a restoration method for solid contact points, in the event of their having been lost, using a combination of three
instruments.
Direct restoration, Horizontal slot technique, Reconstruction of contact points
Jun TAKEBE1),Hirokazu KUMANO1),Kazumoto HOSHIAI2)
1)Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
2)Department of Dental Hygiene, Aichi Gakuin University Junior College
Basic concept and design of removable partial dentures in the partially edentulous arch
In prosthetic treatment using removable partial denture with a partially edentulous arch, it is important to preserve the interocclusal relation and remaining tooth in a healthy state for harmonization with morphology, function, and aesthetic to maintain the stomatognathic system. Particularly, in the extension base denture, it is important to allocate the functional loading ability of both the abutment teeth and ridge mucosa. Moreover, the three mechanisms of support, bracing, and retention needed to be incorporateed into the denture. These factors are very important for prosthetic treatment planning. This review describes the basic concept and design of removable partial dentures, and application of attachment for retention of removable partial denture.
Removable partial denture, Design, Retainer for partial denture
Takahiko SHIBA1),Yasuo TAKEUCHI2),Yuichi IZUMI2)
1)Section of Periodontics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Dental Hospital
2)Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Comparison of peri-implantitis and periodontitis causative agents
Clinical treatment of peri-implantitis is often unsatisfactory, even when applying conventional periodontal therapies commonly used in treating periodontal disease. One reason for this may be the dissimilarity of the microbiota that are prime etiologic agents of inflammation around implants and natural teeth. We performed sequence and genome analysis to identify causative agents in microbiota related to these diseases. Differences in microbiome were observed between periimplantitis and periodontitis. Furthermore, there were indications of the presence of candidate bacteria associated with the diseases, besides well-established periodontopathic bacteria.
Peri-implantitis, Periodontitis, Bacteria
Mitsuhiro IWATA
Sakura Dental Clinic
Treatments for periodontal patients with malocclusion : occlusal trauma and pathologic tooth migration
A stable occlusal relationship is essential to long-term maintenance of favorable clinical outcomes for patients with
periodontal disease.
Patients who suffer from periodontal disease with malocclusion can be divided into groups : those with pathologic
tooth migration resulting from periodontitis and those with advanced periodontitis caused by occlusal trauma resulting
from their original problem, malocclusion. In addition, there are patients with both. The courses of treatment are different.
When comprehensive treatments(periodontal surgery followed by orthodontic and/or prosthodontic treatment)are
selected, adequate diagnosis of the relationship between malocclusion and periodontitis must be made, then the treatment
sequence and appropriate timing of treatments considered.
Periodontitis with malocclusion, Occlusal trauma, Pathologic tooth migration
Wataru NISHIDA
Nishida Wataru Diabetes Clinic
The link between dentistry, medicine and society at large in professional oral infection control : the experience of an internist successfully treated for periodontitis
Doctors and dentists understand the necessity of working in close cooperation with each other. However, many attempts to build “dental-general medical” cooperation have ended in failure. The reason behind the failure is posited as being ignorance on the part of many doctors of the far-reaching negative effects of oral infection on the patient’s overall sense of wellbeing. This report describes the importance and significance of professional oral infection control, which is key to promoting understanding between the fields of dentistry and general medicine.
Periodontitis, Diabetes, Social network between dentistry and general medicine
Noboru KITAGAWA, Yuji SATO
Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry
Dentures and pronunciation : diagnosis and treatment
The elderly make up over 27% of Japan’s population, and complete denture patients over 85 years of age are increasing.
Pronunciation disorders are frequently encountered in clinical practice, and this paper examines various pronunciation
functions, describes pronunciation disorders caused by wearing complete dentures, and explains improvement methods
that use a palatogram. In elderly complete denture patients, it is very important to distinguish between denture-related
and other causes such as senility or pronunciation disorders caused by diseases of the central nervous system. Since the
population will continue to age further, it is more necessary than ever to achieve an understanding of the state of the
body as a whole.
Elderly, Complete denture, Pronunciation
Ikuko OGAWA, Masae KITAGAWA
Center of Oral Clinical Examination, Hiroshima University Hospital
What dentists and dental hygienists should know about saliva and dry mouth
Saliva is an essential body fluid which contributes to maintaining general health and quality of life through the
protection of the oral environment and functions. It has a myriad of functions for food ingestion and oral hygiene.
Furthermore, improvement of analysis technology has made saliva useful for diagnostic and health surveillance purposes
for the whole body because collection of it is noninvasive and easy. Dry mouth(xerostomia)may be induced by local or
systemic causes and can lead to numerous clinical conditions affecting oral and systemic health, comfort and quality of
life. Early and appropriate treatment based on accurate diagnosis by medical interview and examination is important.
Saliva, Dry mouth, Examination
Ryuichi TAKAOKA
Takaoka Dental Clinic, Minato-ku, Tokyo
Prosthetic treatment for periodontally compromised teeth
Even if there is uncertainty about whether a tooth can be spared in the face of progressive periodontal disease, there is little uncertainty when it comes to treatment approaches to the periodontal disease. However, in the case of prosthetic treatment not having been immediately initiated, subsequent splinting or progressive loss of teeth can lead to considerable uncertainty. It is challenging for the clinician to assess the abutment tooth and select a prosthetic for lost teeth, starting with what the form of the prosthetic for an individual tooth should be. This paper describes the concept of prosthetic treatment for periodontally compromised teeth.
Prosthetic treatment, Furcation area lesion, Splinting
Takakazu YOSHIDA1), Satoshi KAWANO2
1)Asahi University
2)Department of Endodontics, Asahi University School of Dentistry
Tooth anatomy knowledge required for root canal treatment
The success or failure of root canal treatment depends on familiarity with the dental anatomy ; and knowing the number of root canals and root canal morphology is the key to successful root canal treatment. Root canal treatment is time-consuming and demands perseverance ; however, knowing the anatomy and using the correct technique, choice of operating the instrument, and procedure leads to safe and efficient root canal treatment.
Dental anatomy, Root canal, Root canal treatment
Masatsugu HASHIMOTO
Department of Forensic Odontology and Forensic Anthropology, Tokyo Dental College
The role of clinical dentists in the identification of mass disaster victims
There are two important roles for dentists when mass disasters occur. One is dental treatment of the survivors, as
clinical dentists, and the other is the identification of victims, as police dentists.
The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of mass disaster victim identification. The most important matter
is to recognize the different roles that dentists play. It is also important to consider our cultural background and view of
life and death.
Forensic odontology, Mass disaster victim identification, Clinical dentists 16826
Katsuji OKUDA
Tokyo Dental College
The use of antimicrobial mouthwash contributes to oral health
An association has been observed between chronic oral infections and various systemic conditions such as aspiration pneumonia, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. It has become increasingly important to control not only acute, but also chronic, oral infections in elderly individuals. The WHO and the Japanese Government are now recommending the limited use of antimicrobial agents in the face of growing antibiotic resistance. Systemic administration of antibiotics carries the risk of disturbing the enteric bacterial flora and disturbs microbiome. Antimicrobial mouthwash is considered to reduce the risk of developing oral infections. This review focuses on the advantages of using an essential oil-containing mouthwash to improve oral health without the risk of adverse effects.
Oral bacterial pathogenicity, Antimicrobial mouthwash, Essential oil
Issho MATSUMOTO
Matsumoto memory clinic, Osaka-shi, Osaka
Psychiatric and Cognitive Disorders in dental practice
In routine dental practices, many patients with psychiatric diseases are encountered. Most of these are patients with dementia, whose number has been rapidly increasing. This study discusses the relationship between dementia, psychiatry, and differential diagnostic practices and explores appropriate responses by dental offices. In addition, family assistance essential in comprehensive community care and stress control of medical practitioners are also explored pertaining to preferred improvements in dental practices.
Dental practice, Psychiatry, Cognitive impairment
Yasuko INOUE
Inoue Orthodontic Clinic, Ikeda-shi, Osaka
Points for preventing malocclusion or avoiding its exacerbation
Compared with the unprecedented progress in dental caries and periodontal disease prevention, malocclusion prevention is still rudimentary. An improvement in this situation is highly desirable, and preventing malocclusion or preventing its exacerbation requires only a little knowledge and care. It can readily be said that the key to this held by general dentists and hygienists in close proximity to children and their guardians. Here I present the message I wish conveyed to guardians, and the points I wish taken on board by dentists.
Malocclusion prevention, Lip closure and posture, Childcare environment
Toshiki ARAI
Arai Dental Clinic, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo
Impressive clinical accuracy of the agar alginate combined impression
There are few, if any, dentists who do not make use of the agar alginate combined impression in procedures covered by national health insurance. The technique is quite accurate, easy to perform, and cheap, thus suiting it to national health insurance treatment. Yet, unfortunately, in spite of having been a staple of clinical treatment in Japan for the past 40 years or more, the technique is one that many dentists have not had the opportunity to thoroughly master. This impression technique can be used with a degree of measurement accuracy comparable to that of silicon impression, if its features are properly understood and it is used properly.
Agar alginate combined impression, Accurate impression, Fitting accuracy
Yukihiro NUMABE
Department of Periodontology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University
A common language in multi-disciplinary cooperation : “metabo”(metabolic syndrome)and “perio”(periodontal disease syndrome)
For multi-disciplinary cooperation, we need “a common language” to precisely convey information about the dental
or periodontal condition of patients to personnel in different fields.
Currently there are objective methods by which to evaluate the state of intraoral pathogenic bacteria, periodontal
inflammation and masticatory ability. Such findings on periodontal disease, etc., can be conveyed to those in other
occupations in an easily understood form.
Furthermore, it is our hope that the use of abbreviations such as “perio”(periodontal disease syndrome)as a keyword
for the prevention of many systemic diseases, and “metabo”(metabolic syndrome), will be taken up not only by medical
staff but by the general public as well.
Metabolic syndrome, Periodontal medicine, PISA
Masato KAGEYAMA
Kageyama Dental Clinic, Nakano-ku, Tokyo
Towards the establishment of a self-care regimen
Plaque control is essential in treating and preventing periodontal disease and dental caries. Plaque control can be divided into the professional care provided by a dentist and dental hygienist, and the self-care performed by the patient him or herself. Self-care in the form of tooth brushing, etc. is central to plaque control. Establishing a solid self-care regimen requires a system involving patient participation with suitable instruction on tooth brushing. Regular check-ups during maintenance or supportive periodontal therapy are necessary to evaluate the state of self-care.
Self-care, Plaque control, Maintenance and SPT
Kenji ARITA
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
For tomorrow’s centenarians : caries management for primary teeth considering caries risk and patient cooperativeness
Most Japanese children today are expected to live for over 100 years. Dental caries has become remarkably polarized: increasingly rare and mild in primary teeth, and increasingly common and severe in permanent childhood teeth. For today’s children, lifelong oral management by a dentist is very important for the quality of extended lifespans. For this reason, caries treatment for children must be safe and painless in order to avoid treatment anxiety and gain cooperativeness on the part of the patient and thus ensure ongoing dental care. This paper summarizes minimally invasive and ultraconservative restorative treatments based on new biological theories about and approaches to caries lesions.
Treatment of primary teeth, Bipolarization of caries, Ultraconservative restoration
Chikahiro OHKUBO
Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine
Present status of implant dentures and their attachment selection
Removable dentures have been frequently selected for implant prosthodontic rehabilitation instead of implant fixed prostheses for reasons relating to systemic disease, anatomical limitations, and economic reasons. Removable dentures have many advantages over fixed prostheses and should be given priority when deciding which to use. This paper describes why implant dentures should be used in elderly patients with a partially or fully edentulous jaw. Indications, contraindications, complications and troubleshooting, maintenance, and considerations when selecting an attachment are also generally explained.
Implant, Implant denture, Attachment
Kaoru KOBAYASHI, Chinami IGARASHI, Satsuki WAKAE, Masashi SUGISAKI
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Diagnosis, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine
Differentiation of malignant tumors diagnosed using panoramic radiographic imaging
A diagnostic test was created to assess the ability of dentists to diagnose malignant tumors using panoramic
radiographic imaging.
Conducting of the diagnostic test revealed the accuracy rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and
negative predictive value. The results showed a large difference between the maximum and minimum values for the
diagnostic ability of 65 dentists and 25 dental radiologists. Dental radiologists showed high values for accuracy, specificity,
positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Furthermore, it suggested a need for the creation of many more
diagnostic tests.
Diagnostic accuracy, Panoramic radiography, Malignant tumor
Kazuhiko SUESE
Osaka Dental University Dept. of Esthetic Dentistry
The remarkable points of the CAD/CAM crown clinical application to a mandibular molar
Four years have passed since health insurance was extended to cover CAD/CAM crowning of a bicuspid tooth. A high-strength hybrid-type composite resin block was developed, and from December, 2017 came to be able to be used on the 1st molar of the mandibular. The important points for clinical application are the suitability for molding an abutment tooth, as a crown, as a trial tooth, and for its adhesive cementation. However, compared with its use in the mandibular molar, in bicuspid application its strong occlusal force burdens the tooth, and the adhesive cementation technique is difficult.
CAD/CAM crown, Mandibular molar, Clinical application
Akihiro ISHIKAWA
Ishikawa Dental Clinic, Ota-ku, Tokyo
Root coverage : treatment and evidence
Gingival recessions are a disorder frequently encountered in the course of everyday clinical practice. However,
treatment to restore gum coverage to the exposed tooth root has not been routinely implemented in the past. Root
coverage is used to treat gingival recessions and, if used for the right cases, can be performed with good predictability.
This paper presents evidence for root coverage in current clinical practice, discusses data gained and techniques
developed.
Root coverage, Subepithelial connective tissue graft, Tunnel technique