日本歯科医師会 Japan Dental Association

The Journal of the Japan Dental Association

2015

NO.10 January

Author(s)

Daisuke UCHIDA１），Hitoshi KAWAMATA２）

Affiliation

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine

Title

Use of the Guidelines for Patients on Antithrombotic Therapy Requiring Dental Extraction. 2015 version : Management of tooth extraction patients receiving non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants（NOACs）or multiple anticoagulants

Abstract

In March 2015, the “Guidelines for Patients on Antithrombotic Therapy Requiring Dental Extraction. 2015 version.” was published by the Japanese Society of Dentistry for Medically Compromised Patient, the Japanese Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, and the Japanese Society of Gerodontology. In the present study, we report that with no modification of the patient’s ongoing antithrombotic therapy, there is little risk of severe hemorrhagic complications in patients in a stable condition of their primary disease while receiving the optimal dose of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants （NOACs）or multiple anticoagulants.

Keywords

NOACs, Tooth extraction, Guideline

Author(s)

Taka NAKAHARA

Affiliation

The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo

Title

Future prospects for the use of dental stem cells and cell banks in cell-based therapies

Abstract

Currently, multiple stem cell types, e.g., bone-marrow-derived stem cells（BMSCs）, stem cells from adipose tissue or extracted teeth, and induced pluripotent stem（iPS）cells, are widely used for cell-based therapies. Although iPS cells are an unlimited cell source for cell-based therapies, iPS-cell-derived products carry the risk of teratoma formation after transplantation. For developing safe and reliable cell-based therapies, dental stem cells（DSCs）are a useful cell source because teeth are extracted for orthodontic purposes and are usually discarded. Moreover, several types of DSCs exhibit multipotency and higher proliferative potentials than BMSCs. In particular, dental pulp cells, which contain powerful stem cell compartments, are valuable candidates for cell-based therapies. Recently, new clinical initiatives involving dental pulp cells were introduced in Japan. These approaches involve banking cells derived from the dental pulp tissue of extracted human teeth, for utilization of the individual’s own cells for future cell-based therapies. We believe that this cell banking system will provide new benefits in traditional dental therapies. This review provides new insights into and describes challenges involved in establishing such cell banking systems in the medical and dental fields.

Keywords

Cell-based therapy, Dental stem cells, Cell bank

Author(s)

Morioki FUJITANI

Affiliation

Department of Operative Dentistry Esthetic Dentistry Division, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University

Title

Utilization of single-step adhesive to its full potential and injectable hybrid restorative for simplified esthetic procedures

Abstract

The key to achieving secure bonding and the full potential use of single-step adhesive is the application of the correct amount of fresh bonding liquid for sufficient and even treatment, and use of gentle to strong air blow for complete elimination of the incorporated water and alcohol/acetone. The utilization of both single step adhesives and injectable hybrids with conventional paste-type composite restoratives can provide a simplified treatment protocol and significant time saving for predictable and esthetically-pleasing directbonded restorations.

Keywords

Single-step adhesive, Injectable hybrid, Direct-bonded restoration

Author(s)

Masayuki TAKANO

Affiliation

Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College

Title

Recent trend of orthognathic surgery : Achieving correct occlusions with balanced consideration of facial findings.

Abstract

Jaw deformities are due to severe malocclusion caused by disruptions of bone size, figure, and displacement of the maxilla and mandible. In this report, associations were assessed among occlusions, facial findings, personalities, classifications, recent diagnose methods, and orthognathic treatments for jaw deformities.

Keywords

Jaw deformity, Orthognathic surgery, Facial finding

NO.11 February

Author(s)

Hirohiko HIRANO

Affiliation

Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology

Title

Basic skills dentists should know for the management and treatment of dental problems among dementia patients : From the Japanese National Dementia Plan

Abstract

The rapidly aging society and increase of people with dementia seen in Japan is unprecedented in the world. Therefore, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan adopted a “Comprehensive Strategy to Accelerate Dementia Measures （called New Orange Plan）” as a new strategy to bolster measures against dementia in January 2015. This plan documents the implementation of improvements in training for dementia support among dentists, where home dentists and IPIST （Initial Phase Intensive Support Team for dementia）would cooperate with each other.

Keywords

Dementia, The management of dental problems, Japanese National Dementia Plan

Author(s)

Ichiro SAITO

Affiliation

Department of Pathology, Tsurimi University School of Dental Medicine

Title

Recent Advances in Pre-emptive Medicine on the Anti-Aging Dental Medicine

Abstract

Pre-emptive medicine is defined as the use of agents or practices that maintain health and youthfulness while growing older. The aim of this innovative school of medicine is not simply to extend the life span, but to prevent age-associated physical and mental decline as well as maintain a high quality of life, thus enabling continued social productivity. Instruction on health enhancement and therapy based on anti-aging health care, namely pre-emptive medicine, is now a concrete measure in the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare’s goal of its “Healthy Japan 21” campaign to promote better health in the 21st century. It is hoped that evidence-based anti-aging medicine will be widely implemented in the future. By the year 2050, approximately 40% of Japan’s population will be over the age of 65 years. The decline observed in the incidence of dental caries and periodontal disease means that the time for a transformation in conventional dental medicine is imminent, and introduction of pre-emptive medicine to the dental field will be essential to create a framework for innovative oral health care. The practice of preemptive medicine in dentistry is very diverse ; close cooperation between the dentistry and medical fields will allow implementation of the abovementioned goals, resulting in a high level of preemptive medicine practice

Keywords

Hyper-aged society, Innovative dentistry, Stressful society

Author(s)

Shin-ichi TAKAYAMA

Affiliation

Takayama Dental Clinic

Title

Clinical utility of the periodontopathic bacteriological examination based on better understandings of the operating characteristics and scientific properties

Abstract

Periodontopathic bacteriological DNA examination is expected to reveal the risk assessment of patients, the necessity of professional periodontal treatments, the evaluation of therapeutic effects, the interval of recall period, and the selection of antibiotics. However, it is difficult to meet those expectations at the current stage. If anything, bacteriological DNA test is better utilized for increasing motivation of patients, screening from a large population, and increasing motivation to learn of dental hygienists.

Keywords

Periodontopathic bacteria, Bacteriological examination, DNA

Author(s)

Hiromasa KAWANA

Affiliation

Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University

Title

Basics of surgical technique in oral region

Abstract

Surgery is fundamentally based on incision, ablation, hemostasis, securement of the surgical field, and suturing. Every type of operative method is composed of all five of these techniques. Excellent suturing in itself cannot be satisfied without the surgical plan, design of incision, and other fundamental techniques. They are all mutually required. Individual fundamental surgical techniques and these relevant points are described in this article.

Keywords

Fundamental surgical technique, Surgery, Oral

NO.12 March

Author(s)

Isao SHIMOJI

Affiliation

Shimoji Dental Clinic

Title

Preservation of perforated teeth

Abstract

It is widely believed that perforated teeth should be extracted ; however, there is no evidential basis for this view. In fact, perforations are easy to repair with endodontic treatment, and the long-term preservation of perforated teeth is possible with appropriate treatment. There are two methods for treating perforated teeth, sealing them from the inside or sealing them from the outside. The latter method can be further classified into two approaches. The first is intraoral treatment, and the second is extraoral treatment ; i.e., extracting the tooth and replanting it after perforation repair. The mechanism of healing in such cases is considered to involve the proliferation of periodontal ligament cells around the perforated region and the subsequent production of cementum by these cells.

Keywords

Seal from the inside, Seal from the outside, Formation of cementum

Author(s)

Takashi OTANI

Affiliation

Graduate School of Education & Human Development, Nagoya University

Title

What is qualitative research? : Its significance and method

Abstract

This article is about qualitative research. The author discusses 1. the recent spread of qualitative research, 2. the definition of qualitative research, 3. its characteristics, 4. its ideological and methodological roots, 5. the qualitative research process, 6. the differences between qualitative and quantitative research, 7. the differences between qualitative research and clinical case studies/reports, and 8. mixed methods involving both qualitative and quantitative methods. Finally, the author argues about the necessity of establishing an epistemological position.

Keywords

Qualitative research, Quantitative research, Qualitative research methodology

Author(s)

Kazuhiro ISOYA

Affiliation

Akasakamitsuke Isoya Dental Office

Title

Patients’ misconceptions about the sizes of prepared cavities during dental treatment : Increasing patient understanding and preventing such misconceptions

Abstract

The present study, in which dentists were used as patients, demonstrated that patients develop inaccurate perceptions regarding the locations and forms of prepared cavities, and that they tend to overestimate the amount of tooth material removed during cavity preparation. The following approaches are considered to be effective at preventing patients from developing misperceptions about cavity size.
・Dentists should try to understand how patients perceive dental problems, even though the problems seem so small to dentists.
・Dentists should provide visual information about the carious cavity and its preparation to the patient before and after treatment.
・Visual information should be provided in the form of both enlarged and life-size images.

Keywords

Cavity preparation, Size illusion, Patient

Author(s)

Kaori IWAHARA１），Tamiyuki TSUZUKI２）

Affiliation

Department of Forensic Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo

Title

Reconsideration of disaster dental assistance and disaster dentistry

Abstract

In the past, dentists have engaged in a range of humanitarian support activities after various disasters. After the crash of Japan Airlines flight 123（1985）, dentists made a great contribution by providing personal dental identification services. Similarly, after the Great Hanshin Earthquake（1995）dentists provided long-term dental relief services. In addition, the Great East Japan Earthquake, which occurred on March 11, 2011, required responses that went beyond those suggested by disaster risk management manuals and guidelines based on previous disasters. In a disaster, saving lives is the main priority for both medical and non-medical personnel. Experience of past disasters tells us that dentists tend not to think about providing medical assistance during disasters. However, dentists can provide emergency medical assistance and personal dental identification and dental relief services after disasters. Dentists must recognize that the medical relief activities required during disasters depend on the kind, scale, and phase of the disaster and should make the necessary preparations to enable dental disaster services to be provided on demand. Now that five years have passed since the Great East Japan Earthquake, dental personnel should review whether they provided appropriate assistance during that disaster.

Keywords

Disaster dentistry, Disaster dental care, Disaster victim identification